Journal of midwifery & women's health
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J Midwifery Womens Health · May 2016
Case ReportsHuman Papillomavirus-Related Oropharyngeal Cancer in Women.
The number of women diagnosed with oropharyngeal cancer related to the human papillomavirus (HPV) is increasing in the United States. Educating health care providers and women about the link between HPV and oropharyngeal cancers can aid in earlier diagnosis and treatment. This article discusses the etiology and clinical presentation of HPV-positive and HPV-negative oropharyngeal cancer, noting distinctions between the 2 types. Recommendations for screening and prevention are provided.
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Approximately 30% of women will experience abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) during their life time. Previous terms defining AUB have been confusing and imprecisely applied. As a consequence, both clinical management and research on this common problem have been negatively impacted. ⋯ The PALM-COEIN system was developed to standardize nomenclature to describe the etiology and severity of AUB. A brief description of the PALM-COEIN nomenclature is presented as well as treatment options for each etiology. Clinicians will frequently encounter women with AUB and should report findings utilizing the PALM-COEIN system.