JBI database of systematic reviews and implementation reports
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JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep · Jan 2016
ReviewEffectiveness of Child Advocacy Centers and the multidisciplinary team approach on prosecution rates of alleged sex offenders and satisfaction of non-offending caregivers with allegations of child sexual abuse: a systematic review.
Child sexual abuse is a multifaceted issue that negatively affects the lives of millions of children worldwide. These children suffer numerous medical and psychological long-term adverse effects both in childhood and adulthood. It is imperative to implement evidence- based interventions for the investigation of this crime. The use of Child Advocacy Centers and the multidisciplinary team approach may improve the investigation of child sexual abuse. ⋯ Future studies may consider interventions that include greater sample size and more diverse ethnic groups to promote generalizability of findings.
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JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep · Jan 2016
ReviewEffectiveness of dexmedetomidine use in general anesthesia to prevent postoperative shivering: a systematic review.
Postanesthetic shivering remains a significant source of distress following general anesthesia. Despite numerous studies investigating pharmacologic prophylaxis for postanesthetic shivering, no gold standard medication has been identified. Prophylactic dexmedetomidine administration has been examined as a possible preventative treatment modality for postanesthetic shivering; however its effectiveness has not been established. ⋯ The prophylactic administration of intravenous dexmedetomidine reduces the incidence of postanesthetic shivering in patients undergoing general anesthesia.
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JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep · Jan 2016
ReviewThe views and experiences of nurses and midwives in the provision and management of provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling: a systematic review of qualitative evidence.
Global progress towards HIV prevention and care is contingent upon increasing the number of those aware of their status through HIV testing. Provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling is recommended globally as a strategy to enhance uptake of HIV testing and is primarily conducted by nurses and midwives. Research shows that provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling implementation is sub-optimal. The reasons for this are unclear. ⋯ Operational research is required to determine an optimal skill mix and optimal methods of integrating provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling into existing work routines.
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JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep · Jan 2016
Review Comparative StudyThe effectiveness of inpatient physical therapy compared to outpatient physical therapy in older adults after total hip replacement in the post-discharge period: a systematic review.
Total hip replacement is the most effective and safest method for treating severe degenerative, traumatic and other diseases of the hip joint. Total hip replacement can reliably relieve pain and improve function in the majority of patients for a period of 15 to 20 years or more postoperatively. Physical therapy follows each total hip replacement surgery. Physical therapy protocols after total hip replacement in the post-discharge period vary widely in terms of setting (inpatient, outpatient), content (the particular set of exercises used), and frequency (e.g. daily versus twice a week). In current literature, there is no systematic review which has compared the effectiveness of inpatient and outpatient physical therapy in patients after total hip replacement in the post-discharge period. ⋯ This systematic review has identified gaps in the literature for comparing the effectiveness of inpatient physical therapy with and outpatient physical therapy on the quality of life and gait measures in older adults after total hip replacement in the post-discharge period. Prospective randomized double blind multicenter controlled trials are needed to answer this important clinical question.
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JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep · Jan 2016
ReviewThe effectiveness of structured interdisciplinary collaboration for adult home hospice patients on patient satisfaction and hospital admissions and re-admissions: a systematic review.
Patient satisfaction and hospital re-admission rates are the two major outcomes for measuring quality of healthcare delivery. Interdisciplinary collaboration, a concept that describes coordination of care between multiple healthcare professionals and patients and families to deliver the highest quality of care across settings, is fundamental to improving patient outcomes. Home hospice care is palliative in nature and is a critical segment of patient care. To date, no systematic review has been undertaken to determine the effectiveness of structured interdisciplinary collaboration in the home hospice setting in relation to patient satisfaction and hospital readmission. ⋯ Quantitative and qualitative research studies are urgently required to determine the effectiveness of structured interdisciplinary collaboration among home hospice teams in home care settings in regard to patient satisfaction and hospital readmission.