BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A randomised controlled trial of ursodeoxycholic acid and S-adenosyl-l-methionine in the treatment of gestational cholestasis.
To compare the efficacy of S-adenosyl-l-methionine and ursodeoxycholic acid in improving serum biochemical abnormalities in gestational cholestasis. ⋯ In women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, ursodeoxycholic acid is more effective than S-adenosyl-l-methionine at improving the concentration of serum bile acids and other tests of liver function, whereas both therapies are equally effective at improving pruritus.
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To determine whether self-initiated and recorded automated blood pressure measurement can provide an accurate estimate of ambulatory blood pressure in pregnant women suspected of having 'white coat hypertension'. ⋯ The Omron HEM 705CP is a useful device for measuring group average blood pressures in pregnant women suspected of having white coat hypertension but cannot reliably replace ABPM for clinical management of individual pregnant women.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
The ATAC adjuvant breast cancer trial in postmenopausal women: baseline endometrial subprotocol data.
The ATAC (Arimidex, Tamoxifen, Alone or in Combination) trial is a randomised, double-blind trial comparing 'Arimidex' (anastrozole), alone or in combination with tamoxifen, relative to tamoxifen alone as a five year adjuvant treatment for postmenopausal women with early breast cancer. Because tamoxifen is associated with endometrial pathology, the ATAC endometrial subprotocol was initiated to establish the background prevalence of pathology, and to assess prospectively the incidence and nature of intrauterine changes before and following endocrine therapy. ⋯ This is the first study of such size in gynaecologically asymptomatic breast cancer patients. This paper describes the findings in individual patients before any trial treatment was given. In this baseline group, 82% (219/268) of women had a normal endometrial cavity; 18% (49/268) had endometrial activity (proliferative or secretory endometrium in 9%) or an intracavity abnormality (hyperplasia, polyps and a fibroid in 9%). In total, 36% of biopsies had insufficient tissue for diagnosis, which in combination with a normal hysteroscopy was classed as normal. The appearance of a polyp hysteroscopically in this group was not proven histologically in approximately 40% of cases. The development of uterine pathology over time in the ATAC study will subsequently be assessed against the findings of this baseline paper.
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Multicenter Study
The development of a questionnaire to measure the severity of symptoms and the quality of life before and after surgery for stress incontinence.
To develop and validate a short questionnaire recording the severity of symptoms and the quality of life, pre- and post-operatively, in women undergoing surgery for stress incontinence. ⋯ The questionnaire is easy to understand and complete and is a valid and reliable instrument for assessment of the symptoms of incontinence and the quality of life. Pre- and post-operative evaluation of women with stress incontinence was performed in a standardised setting in 22 of the 37 Norwegian departments and the reporting to a national database was successful. Comparison of surgical procedures, departments and surgeons is possible.
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To compare a newly developed oxytocin antagonist, FE 200 440, with atosiban and ANTAG III, as to potency and selectivity of inhibitory effects on oxytocin- and vasopressin-induced myometrial responses. FE 200 440 has high affinity for the human cloned oxytocin receptor, approximately 300-fold that for the vasopressin V(1a) receptor, whereas atosiban binds well to both receptors. ⋯ The new analogue FE 200 440 is a selective oxytocin antagonist and, in contrast to atosiban and ANTAG III, has practically no effect on vasopressin-induced contractions of isolated term-pregnant human myometrium.