Pain physician
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Observational Study
An Analysis of Biomarkers in Patients with Chronic Pain.
Because of the subjective nature of current pain assessments, limited efficacy of treatment options and risks associated with opioid abuse and diversion, the need for objective data to assist with chronic pain management has never been greater. Successful identification of mechanistic biomarkers would not only improve our understanding and ability to accurately diagnose pain disorders but would also facilitate the development of disease-modifying pain drugs. ⋯ Biomarker, pain, inflamation, oxidative stress, neurotransmitter, micronutrient deficiency, Kynurenine Pathway.