Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Comparison of alfaxalone and propofol administered as total intravenous anaesthesia for ovariohysterectomy in dogs.
To compare the anaesthetic and cardiopulmonary effects of alfaxalone with propofol when used for total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) during ovariohysterectomy in dogs. ⋯ Following premedication with acepromazine and morphine, both propofol and alphaxalone produce good quality anaesthesia adequate for ovariohysterectomy. Hypoventilation occurs suggesting a need for ventilatory support during prolonged infusion periods with either anaesthetic agent.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Comparison of pain on injection during induction of anaesthesia with alfaxalone and two formulations of propofol in dogs.
To compare the incidence of pain during injection of three intravenous induction agents in dogs. ⋯ No dogs reacted to saline or Drug(A,) thus Drug(A) was excluded from analysis. Pain on injection occurred in six dogs (20%) with Drug(PC) and one dog (3.3%) with Drug(P). Pain was severe in four dogs with Drug(PC). Drug(P) resulted in a trend for reduced risk of pain compared to Drug(PC) (p = 0.076, odds ratio [confidence intervals] 0.14 [0.027-0.86]). Both propofol formulations resulted in greater risk of excitation than Drug(A) (p = 0.0003, odds ratio 4.5 [1.86-10.90]). Induction agent was associated with pain, whilst catheter placement was not. One dog developed facial oedema and one other dog skin necrosis adjacent to the catheter site following Drug(PC.) The study was terminated early due to ethical concerns about the severity of reactions with Drug(PC). conclusions and clinical relevance: Drug(PC) was associated with clinically relevant moderate to severe pain behaviour whilst Drug(A) and Drug(P) were not.
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To investigate the changes in serum enzymes considered as biochemical indicators of hepatobiliary function in dogs following 5 hours of anaesthesia with isoflurane (ISO) or sevoflurane (SEVO). ⋯ Both ISO and SEVO, at concentrations used for clinical anaesthesia, produce transient moderate effects on some hepatobiliary enzyme concentrations in dogs.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Medetomidine continuous rate intravenous infusion in horses in which surgical anaesthesia is maintained with isoflurane and intravenous infusions of lidocaine and ketamine.
To evaluate medetomidine as a continuous rate infusion (CRI) in horses in which anaesthesia is maintained with isoflurane and CRIs of ketamine and lidocaine. ⋯ A CRI of medetomidine given to horses which were also receiving CRIs of lidocaine and ketamine reduced the concentration of isoflurane necessary to maintain satisfactory anaesthesia for surgery, and reduced the dobutamine required to maintain MAP. No further sedation was required to provide a calm recovery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The effects of age, isoflurane and sevoflurane on atracurium in lambs.
To determine the effects of age, sevoflurane and isoflurane on atracurium-induced neuromuscular blockade in 3-16 week-old lambs. ⋯ The effect of atracurium is age-dependent in lambs being prolonged in older animals. The onset of neuromuscular blockade is more rapid in isoflurane compared with sevoflurane-anaesthetized lambs.