Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Clinical evaluation of ketamine and lidocaine intravenous infusions to reduce isoflurane requirements in horses under general anaesthesia.
To compare isoflurane alone or in combination with systemic ketamine and lidocaine for general anaesthesia in horses. ⋯ These results support the use of lidocaine and ketamine to improve anaesthetic and cardiovascular stability during isoflurane anaesthesia lasting up to 2 hours in mechanically ventilated horses, with comparable quality of recovery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
A comparison of induction of anaesthesia using a target-controlled infusion device in dogs with propofol or a propofol and alfentanil admixture.
To compare induction targets, and the haemodynamic and respiratory effects, of propofol, or as an admixture with two different concentrations of alfentanil, delivered via a propofol target-controlled infusion (TCI) system. ⋯ Induction of anaesthesia with a TCI system can be achieved at lower blood propofol targets when using a propofol/alfentanil admixture compared with using propofol alone. However, despite reduced targets with both propofol/alfentanil admixture groups, MAP was lower immediately following endotracheal intubation than when using propofol alone.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of intravenous lidocaine, ketamine, and the combination on the minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane in dogs.
To evaluate the effects of intravenous lidocaine (L) and ketamine (K) alone and their combination (LK) on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane (SEVO) in dogs. ⋯ Lidocaine and K, alone and in combination, decrease SEVO MAC in dogs. Their use, at the doses studied, provides a clinically important reduction in the concentration of SEVO during anesthesia in dogs.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Comparison of the analgesic efficacy of hydromorphone and oxymorphone in dogs and cats: a randomized blinded study.
To determine if oxymorphone and hydromorphone are equally efficacious as analgesics in both dogs and cats and to determine the side-effects of each drug in painful animals. ⋯ Hydromorphone is significantly less expensive than oxymorphone and the results of this trial indicate that the two drugs have a similar clinical value. Both oxymorphone and hydromorphone can be used as primary mu agonist therapy in veterinary patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A comparison of two combinations of xylazine-ketamine administered intramuscularly to alpacas and of reversal with tolazoline.
To evaluate the anesthetic and cardiorespiratory effects of two doses of intramuscular (IM) xylazine/ketamine in alpacas, and to determine if tolazoline would reduce the anesthetic recovery time. ⋯ Both doses of the combination were effective in providing restraint in alpacas and the duration of restraint was dose dependent. Supplemental oxygen should be available if using the HD and IM administration of tolazoline will shorten the recovery time.