Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
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To use DCE-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion-weighted imaging to evaluate the hyperbaric oxygen efficacy (HBO) in experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI). Forty-two rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: TBI, TBI + HBO, sham group, sham + HBO. The TBI + HBO and sham + HBO received a total of 10 HBO treatments within 7 days following TBI, and MRI was performed within a month after TBI. ⋯ ADC was lower in the TBI + HBO group than in the TBI group at both acute and subacute phase (p < 0.01). The VCS was higher in TBI + HBO group than TBI group at 30 days (p < 0.05). HBO could improve the impaired BBB and cytotoxic edema after TBI and promote the recovery of neurofunction.
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Isoflurane anesthesia can cause post-operative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients. As an isomer of isoflurane, enflurane may also account for cognitive dysfunction. However, the mechanism of enflurane-induced cognitive dysfunction remains obscure. ⋯ In addition, we analyzed the expression level of β-amyloid and phosphorylation level of tau in the hippocampus by immunoblotting. Interestingly, the levels of β-amyloid and phosphorylated tau in the hippocampus increased significantly at early stage and then restored to pre-anesthetic levels. Taken together, our results suggest that increasing of β-amyloid and phosphorylation of tau are important to cause cognitive decline in aged rats during initial stage after enflurane anesthesia.
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Review Meta Analysis
Voxelwise meta-analysis of white matter abnormalities in progressive supranuclear palsy.
White matter deficits constitute one element of the network dysfunction that underlies progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Cumulative evidence of white matter abnormalities in patients with PSP has been reported using voxel-based morphometry (VBM), but these studies have not been quantitatively reviewed and not all findings have been entirely concordant. Whole-brain VBM studies comparing PSP patients with healthy controls (HC) were systematically searched in the PubMed and EMABSE databases from January 1990 to April 2013. ⋯ No WMV increase was reported. Meta-regression showed both MMSE and UPDRS III scores correlated with WM changes in the regions from bilateral midbrain to basal ganglia. Our findings provide evidence for white matter atrophy in the midbrain, pons and several regions near the basal ganglia, representing the main pathophysiology of PSP.