Laboratory animal science
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Laboratory animal science · Jun 1996
Comparative StudyEffect of thiopental, saffan, and propofol anesthesia on cardiovascular parameters and bronchial smooth muscle in the rhesus monkey.
The application of human pediatric equipment for measuring respiratory function in nonhuman primates is rapidly gaining popularity in the evaluation of anti-asthma drugs. An important difference between primate procedures and the human clinical situation is the requirement for anesthesia for some techniques because of poor animal compliance. We studied the actions of three potential maintenance anesthetic agents-thiopental, saffan, and propofol-and their effects on a range of cardiovascular parameters under conditions of a broncho-provocation test in rhesus monkeys. ⋯ Thiopental proved to be a useful sedating agent for this application. Saffan proved to be a bronchodilator in vitro, but the sedative dose was lower than that required to induce appreciable bronchodilator activity in vivo. In comparison, propofol was not appropriate for this application because of the poor sedative effect at nonbronchodilator doses.
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Laboratory animal science · Aug 1995
Acute Mycoplasma pulmonis infection associated with coagulopathy in C3H/HeN mice.
Experimentally induced infection with high doses of Mycoplasma pulmonis results in acute pneumonia characterized by severe pulmonary hemorrhage, edema, and, often, death in C3H/HeN mice. To determine whether specific disease manifestations were associated with coagulopathy, we measured serum fibrin, fibrinogen degradation products, and plasma fibrinogen concentrations in C3H/HeN mice infected with high doses of a virulent strain of M. pulmonis. ⋯ Rather than decreasing, as might be expected during a consumptive coagulopathy, fibrinogen concentrations increased. The hyperfibrinogenemia probably is associated with an acute phase response to M. pulmonis infection.
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We described a new technique of orotracheal intubation in the rat. This technique is performed under direct vision by transillumination to obtain a better view of the rat's small and distant vocal cords. We also emphasize overextension of the neck to allow for a more direct path to the animal's trachea. This technique is easily learned, is atraumatic, and does not depend on expensive equipment.
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Laboratory animal science · Jun 1995
Comparative StudyComparison of anesthesia induced by ketamine-fentanyl combination and maintained by propofol or etomidate in New Zealand white rabbits.
Ketamine-fentanyl-propofol and ketamine-fentanyl-etomidate combinations were administered intravenously to four groups of rabbits. Each group received ketamine (30 mg/kg of body weight) and fentanyl (0.025 mg/kg) for anesthesia induction. Either propofol or etomidate was administered by an infusion pump to maintain anesthesia. ⋯ Recovery from the propofol infusion was very rapid. Ketamine-fentanyl-etomidate combination is not recommended for clinical anesthesia in rabbits. Ketamine-fentanyl-propofol combination at a dosage of 30-0.025-0.4 mg/kg/min can be safely used for short-term surgery.
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Laboratory animal science · Dec 1994
Acute toxicosis in two dogs associated with etomidate-propylene glycol infusion.
Etomidate, formulated in propylene glycol, was used as the primary anesthetic agent in two dogs (No. 1 and 2) and etomidate, formulated in saline, was used as the primary anesthetic agent in an additional 20 dogs, while developing a canine model for baroreceptor sensitivity testing. Dogs 1 and 2 had signs of acute toxicosis after infusion of etomidate in propylene glycol. Dog 1 received less total etomidate than did dog 2, 5.9 mg/kg vs 15.8 mg/kg, respectively. ⋯ After supportive treatment, dog 2 regained consciousness and hemodynamic variables improved within 12 h. None of the additional 20 dogs that received infusion of etomidate in saline had any clinical adverse effects, suggesting a causal relationship between the etomidate-propylene glycol formulation and the adverse effects in dogs 1 and 2. Although etomidate may be useful in designing cardiovascular models under general anesthesia, such complications may warrant use of a different etomidate formulation in the dog when the agent is administered at these infusion rates.