International immunopharmacology
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Int. Immunopharmacol. · Sep 2015
Review Meta AnalysisEfficacy and safety of dendritic cells co-cultured with cytokine-induced killer cells immunotherapy for non-small-cell lung cancer.
Dendritic cells co-cultured with cytokine-induced killer cells (DC-CIK) immunotherapy has been widely studied and might be a new therapeutic strategy for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We aimed to comprehensively and quantitatively evaluate the efficacy and safety of DC-CIK immunotherapy in NSCLC. Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched for randomized controlled trials comparing DC-CIK immunotherapy with control therapies in NSCLC. ⋯ The risks of all-grade anemia, leukopenia, dermatosis, diarrhea, nausea, acratia, and chest distress in patients receiving DC-CIK immunotherapy were comparable to those receiving control therapies. This meta-analysis demonstrates DC-CIK immunotherapy has superiority in PFS, OS, and DCR for NSCLC patients, and no more serious adverse events appeared. Further studies to provide solid evidence for the routine clinical use of DC-CIK immunotherapy are urgently needed.
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Hypoxia is an important factor for transcriptional regulation of cell metabolism and the adaptation to cellular stress. It modulates the function of phagocytic cells by stimulating surface receptors such as scavenger receptors, toll like receptors and their downstream signaling cascades. In response to hypoxia, innate immune modifiers are upregulated through pathways involving the key immune response master regulator nuclear factor-κB leading to the modulation of inflammatory cytokines. In this review, we highlighted the effects of hypoxia on different innate immune factors and consequences thereof.