Vector borne and zoonotic diseases
-
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. · Oct 2011
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in ticks collected from humans, livestock, and picnic sites in the hyperendemic region of Turkey.
During June and July 2007, about 3125 adult ticks were collected from humans, animals, and vegetation in a hyperendemic region (Sivas and Tokat) of Turkey. A total of 2193 ticks were pooled in 225 pools and screened for the Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) presence by antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Infection rates were calculated as the maximum likelihood estimation with 95% confidence intervals (CI). ⋯ Maximum likelihood estimation values of CCHFV in H. marginatum ticks collected from human, cattle, and sheep were 0.91% (CI 0.05-4.42), 2.10% (CI 1.12-3.64), and 3.11% (CI 1.18-6.87), respectively. CCHFV antigens were also demonstrated in Hyalomma excavatum, Haemaphysalis parva, and Boophilus annulatus ticks collected from cattle and Rhipicephalus bursa ticks from sheep. Our results suggest that the studied area might maintain its endemic properties in the near future unless effective tick control measures are implemented.
-
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. · Oct 2011
Molecular evidence for Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Ixodes ricinus ticks from Greece.
Human granulocytic anaplasmosis is increasingly being recognized in the United States and Europe. Ixodes ricinus tick is considered the primary vector of the causative pathogen, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, in Europe. ⋯ A total of 405 I. ricinus ticks (45 pools) collected from goats in eight prefectures of northern Greece were tested for the presence of A. phagocytophilum DNA. Four pools of ticks collected in three prefectures revealed a sequence with 99%-100% similarity to known A. phagocytophilum sequences, providing the first molecular evidence for the circulation of A. phagocytophilum in I. ricinus ticks in Greece.