American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions
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Am J Cardiovasc Drugs · Oct 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyThe effectiveness and safety of landiolol hydrochloride, an ultra-short-acting β1-blocker, in postoperative patients with supraventricular tachyarrhythmias: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
Persistent postoperative supraventricular tachyarrhythmias (SVTs) increase cardiac burden and aggravate cardiac hemodynamics. Therefore, for patients in unstable conditions after surgery, prompt and sustained control of heart rate is essential. The importance of β-adrenoceptor antagonists (β-blockers) in controlling such postoperative atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter has been established, and the usefulness of ultra-short-acting β1-blockers with high β1 selectivity has been suggested based on their safety and efficacy under such circumstances. ⋯ Landiolol hydrochloride is effective and safe for patients with postoperative SVT.
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Am J Cardiovasc Drugs · Oct 2013
Review Meta Analysis Comparative StudyUltrafiltration versus intravenous diuretic therapy to treat acute heart failure: a systematic review.
Patients with decompensated heart failure frequently present with volume overload, which is conventionally treated with diuretics. These drugs have been associated with several adverse effects, including increased mortality, leading some clinicians to propose ultrafiltration as a safe alternative to remove sodium and water. ⋯ The available evidence suggests that early ultrafiltration is safe and effective for patients with hypervolemic acute heart failure. It allows greater fluid removal and weight loss by 48 h than do intravenous diuretics, with no significant increase in adverse effects.
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Am J Cardiovasc Drugs · Oct 2013
ReviewEvaluation and management of acquired methemoglobinemia associated with topical benzocaine use.
Benzocaine is a widely used topical oropharyngeal anesthetic and has been reported to cause methemoglobinemia. We discuss benzocaine-induced methemoglobinemia and review the causes, presentation, and management of this serious complication. Treatment with methylene blue will result in reversal of methemoglobinemia and clinical recovery in most cases but needs to be used at appropriate doses in carefully selected individuals. Physicians who perform procedures involving the application of benzocaine for topical anesthesia need to rapidly identify and treat methemoglobinemia to avoid significant associated morbidity and mortality.