Diabetologia
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In a population-based setting, we investigated whether diabetes-related morbidity and all-cause mortality within 2 years of HbA(1c) measurement were associated with that HbA(1c) level in individuals with type 2 diabetes. The main objective was to compare outcomes in those with HbA(1c) ≥ and <7% (53 mmol/mol). ⋯ An HbA(1c) level ≥ 7% (53 mmol/mol) was associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Both high and very low levels of HbA(1c) were associated with increased mortality. A dose-response pattern appeared for morbidity. The impact of HbA(1c) level on morbidity and mortality depended on treatment modality.
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Multiple genetic variants are associated with type 2 diabetes-related traits in Europeans, but their role in South Asian populations needs further study. We hypothesised that genetic variants associated with diabetes-related traits in Europeans would explain a similar proportion of phenotypic variance in a Pakistani population and could be used in Mendelian randomisation analyses. ⋯ Genetic variants identified in Europeans are associated with type 2 diabetes-related traits in Pakistanis, with comparable effect sizes. Larger studies are needed to perform adequately powered Mendelian randomisation and help dissect the relationships between type 2 diabetes-related traits in diverse South Asian subgroups.
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Previous studies have suggested an increased risk of bladder cancer with pioglitazone exposure. We aimed to investigate the association between pioglitazone exposure and bladder cancer in France. ⋯ In this cohort of diabetic patients from France, pioglitazone exposure was significantly associated with increased risk of bladder cancer.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Physical activity reduces the risk of incident type 2 diabetes in general and in abdominally lean and obese men and women: the EPIC-InterAct Study.
We examined the independent and combined associations of physical activity and obesity with incident type 2 diabetes in men and women. ⋯ Physical activity is associated with a reduction in the risk of developing type 2 diabetes across BMI categories in men and women, as well as in abdominally lean and obese men and women.