Best practice & research. Clinical gastroenterology
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The pancreas plays a major role in nutrient digestion. Therefore, in both acute and chronic pancreatitis, exocrine and endocrine pancreatic insufficiency can develop, impairing digestive and absorptive processes. These changes can lead to malnutrition over time. ⋯ In addition, oral supplements are helpful. Enteral nutrition can be necessary if weight loss continues. Parenteral nutrition is very seldom used in patients with chronic pancreatitis.
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Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol · Jan 2006
ReviewRole of enteral and parenteral nutrition in the patient with gastrointestinal and liver disease.
This chapter discusses a number of key issues: the importance of nutritional support, both enteral (oral nutritional supplements, enteral tube feeding) and parenteral nutrition in the treatment of the nutritionally compromised patient with gastrointestinal and liver disease; prescribing and monitoring nutritional support; refeeding syndrome; practicalities, indications and contraindications and complications of using enteral and parenteral nutrition; choosing feeds with an optimal nutrient composition for nutritional support, including specific feeds for disease states; the evidence base for using nutritional support in the patient with gastrointestinal and liver disease.