The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Preemptive analgesia for postoperative pain relief in lumbosacral spine surgeries: a randomized controlled trial.
Administration of analgesic medication, before the actual onset of painful stimulus, is more effective than that after the onset of painful stimulus. This is the principle of preemptive analgesia. Although it is often considered superior to other forms of analgesia, its role in postoperative pain relief after lumbosacral spinal surgery has not been fully investigated. ⋯ Preemptive analgesia with a single caudal epidural injection of bupivacaine and tramadol is a safe, simple and effective method for postoperative pain relief.