The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society
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Previous studies documenting the osteoconductive nature of calcium sulfate (CaSO(4))-based biomaterials have been largely limited to animal models exhibiting nonosteoporotic bone biology. In addition to diminished bone mineral density (BMD) and altered bone microarchitecture, the osteoporosis phenotype is associated with a proinflammatory and pro-osteolytic state. Thus, osteoporosis may elicit an amplified bioreactivity to common orthopedic biomaterials, potentially limiting their full osteoconductive capabilities in vivo. ⋯ This study suggests that cement bioreactivity is heightened and osteoconductivity may be limited in a preclinical model of the OS. The disparity between the two resorption profiles suggests that this accelerated cement resorption is a material-dependent phenomenon. The proinflammatory and pro-osteolytic bone environment associated with the osteoporosis disease state may contribute to the accelerated resorption and altered osteoconductivity exhibited by both materials. Future study of potential biomaterials intended for use within the OS may necessitate further exploration of the relationship between biomaterial performance and osteoporosis bone biology.