Articles: analgesics.
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Review Meta Analysis
Systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy, safety, and tolerability data from randomized controlled trials of drugs used to treat postherpetic neuralgia.
To conduct a systematic review of available data from reports of randomized controlled trials on the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of drugs used to treat postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), a common type of neuropathic pain. ⋯ While available literature establishes the efficacy of 8 drugs in treatment of PHN, it does not provide adequate guidance as to which agents are best to treat this condition, in part because of inadequate reporting of data on tolerability and safety.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2011
Review Meta AnalysisEfficacy and safety of clonidine as additive for caudal regional anesthesia: a quantitative systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
Clonidine is still the most popular additive for caudal regional anesthesia. Aim of the present quantitative systematic review was to assess the efficacy and safety of the combined use of clonidine and local anesthetics in comparison with caudal local anesthetics alone. ⋯ There is considerable evidence that caudally administered clonidine in addition to local anesthetics provides extended duration of analgesia with a decreased incidence for analgesic rescue requirement and little adverse effects compared to caudal local anesthetics alone.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Nov 2011
Review Meta AnalysisOpioid therapy for treating rheumatoid arthritis pain.
Despite improvements in the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), pain control is often inadequate even when inflammation is well controlled. ⋯ There is limited evidence that weak oral opioids may be effective analgesics for some patients with RA, but adverse effects are common and may offset the benefits of this class of medications. There is insufficient evidence to draw conclusions regarding the use of weak opioids for longer than six weeks, or the role of strong opioids.
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Lidocaine with epinephrine is the most optimal solution for epidural top-up for emergency caesarean section. Adding fentanyl further speeds onset.
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This meta-analysis compared efficacy (pain response) of drugs that are licensed or commonly used in the treatment of fibromyalgia. A meta-analysis of safety measured via discontinuation because of adverse events was also performed. ⋯ All eight active treatments displayed evidence suggesting improvement over placebo in the treatment of pain in patients suffering from fibromyalgia. Indirect comparison of active treatments found no strong differences.