Articles: analgesics.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Long-term therapy for the pain of osteoarthritis: a comparison of zomepirac sodium and aspirin.
In this long-term, double-blind, multicenter study, efficacy and safety of zomepirac sodium were compared with those of aspirin for treatment of the chronic pain associated with osteoarthritis in 607 patients, 405 of whom received zomepirac and 202 of whom received aspirin. Final evaluations during one year of treatment showed zomepirac significantly more effective than aspirin for reducing pain at rest (P = 0.02) and average pain (P = 0.04). Moreover, zomepirac was rated better than aspirin in physician global evaluations of overall response to therapy (P = 0.02) and patient evaluations of pain relief (P = 0.03). ⋯ However, complaints related to the special senses, especially tinnitus and hearing disturbances, were reported more frequently during aspirin therapy, and urogenital side effects were more common during zomepirac therapy. For both drug groups, the overall incidence of side effects was lower in the second year than in the first. This is the first published study to show a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agent to be more effective than aspirin for the long-term treatment of pain associated with osteoarthritis.
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Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. · Oct 1983
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialCodeine and aspirin analgesia in postpartum uterine cramps: qualitative aspects of quantitative assessments.
The analgesic response to codeine of patients with postpartum uterine-cramp pain has recently met with controversy. To readdress this question, we conducted a new study comparing codeine sulfate, 60 mg (N = 32) and 120 mg (N = 31), with aspirin, 650 mg (N = 34), and placebo (N = 32) in hospitalized women with moderate or severe postpartum uterine cramps treated with single oral doses in a parallel, stratified, randomized, double-blind trial. Subjective reports were used as indices of response, and patients rated pain intensity, pain relief, and side effects at periodic, uniformly conducted interviews for 6 hr. ⋯ In contrast, in a subset of patients with mixed episiotomy-uterine pain (N = 73), 120 mg codeine showed good separation from placebo and compared favorably with aspirin. Codeine, 60 mg, showed a similar trend, and there was a strong suggestion of dose-dependent analgesia. Side effects were not remarkable except for dizziness and drowsiness after 120 mg codeine in all sets and subsets of patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Analgesic effects of oral propiram fumarate, codeine sulfate and placebo in postoperative pain.
Our purpose was to evaluate the analgesic efficacy and safety of single oral doses of propiram fumarate 50 mg, codeine sulfate 60 mg and placebo in the relief of moderate to severe postoperative pain. One hundred and twenty patients completed a randomized, double-blind, single-dose, stratified, parallel-groups trial and were observed for either 4 or 6 hours. ⋯ Two adverse effects were attributed to propiram. Propiram fumarate 50 mg is an effective oral analgesic similar to codeine sulfate 60 mg, with the possibility of a longer duration of action.
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Patient-controlled analgesia is a relatively new and investigational technique that permits patients to treat pain by directly activating doses of intravenous narcotics. The technique was developed in response to the undertreatment of pain in hospitalized patients. ⋯ The technique is also an ideal investigative instrument for studying equianalgesic states. Several foreign-made devices are now being used under investigational sanctions in this country, and it is anticipated that several American manufacturers will be seeking regulatory approval to market the devices.