Articles: analgesics.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Postsurgical pain: zomepirac sodium, propoxyphene/-acetaminophen combination, and placebo.
Zomepirac sodium, a new, nonnarcotic analgesic agent, was compared with the combination of propoxyphene/acetaminophen in a placebo-controlled, double-blind, single-dose study in 196 hospitalized postsurgical patients with pain severe enough to require a prescription analgesic. Patients received 100 mg zomepirac sodium, 50 mg zomepirac sodium, 100 mg propoxyphene napsylate with 650 mg acetaminophen, or placebo. Total pain relief during the 6-hour observation period showed that 100 mg zomepirac sodium was significantly more effective than the propoxyphene combination. ⋯ Percentages of patients requiring remedication before the end of the study were: 77 per cent for placebo, 48 per cent for propoxyphene/acetaminophen, 43 per cent for 50 mg zomepirac sodium, and 29 per cent for 100 mg zomepirac sodium. The numbers of patients reporting side effects were not significantly different among the treatment groups. These results confirm those of other single-dose pain studies which showed 100 mg zomepirac sodium significantly more efficacious than the propoxyphene/acetaminophen combination.
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The chemistry, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology, clinical efficacy, adverse effects, physical dependence and tolerance, drug interactions, dosing, and cost of zomepirac sodium (Zomax, McNeil) are reviewed. Zomepirac is a new nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAIA) approved for the treatment of mild to moderately severe pain. The drug is well absorbed when given orally. ⋯ The drug has not demonstrated any potential for physical dependence, withdrawal, or tolerance. Zomepirac may provide a suitable alternative to aspirin, narcotic/NSAIA combinations, and narcotics in the treatment of mild to moderately severe pain. It is unlikely that zomepirac will replace narcotics in more severe types of pain.
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The effects of some anaesthetics and other agents used in anaesthetic practice on the neuromuscular blocking activity of cumulative doses of Org NC 45 have been studied in cats anaesthetized with chloralose. As expected from studies with other neuromuscular blocking drugs, both inhalation and i.v. anaesthetics reduced the doses of Org NC 45 required for neuromuscular blockade. An apparently specific potentiating interaction between Org NC 45 and metronidazole was observed.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
A comparison of alfentanil and fentanyl in short operations with special reference to their duration of action and postoperative respiratory depression.
Ninety women undergoing short gynaecological operations were included in a double-blind comparison of fentanyl and alfentanil, a structurally related and very short-acting narcotic analgesic. Anaesthesia was induced by methohexitone followed by a double-blind injection of either alfentanil (0.5 mg/ml) or fentanyl (0.05 mg/ml). ⋯ Cardiovascular parameters remained stable with both analgesics. There were no troublesome side-effects.