Articles: opioid-analgesics.
-
Addictive behaviors · Jan 1985
Narcotic utilization for back pain patients housed in private and semi-private rooms.
Hospital records from 40 back pain patients in private rooms and 40 back pain patients in semi-private rooms were reviewed to determine: (a) if patients in private rooms used more narcotics than patients in semi-private rooms; and (b) whether room type was a predictive variable for narcotic utilization. Patients in private rooms were found to be more likely to use intramuscular request-contingent narcotics than similar patients in semi-private rooms. No differences in the amount of narcotics were observed for other categories of narcotic analgesics. Room type, relevant medical, and demographic variables failed to account for this difference in medication utilization, suggesting that other factors such as medical staff and patient personality variables may be playing an important role in contributing to the use of narcotic analgesics by back-pain patients.
-
Review
Opioid analgesics in anesthesia: with special reference to their use in cardiovascular anesthesia.
In this article, an attempt has been made to review the use of receptor stimulating pure agonist opioids in anesthesia, especially in patients with cardiovascular disease. Particular emphasis has been placed on the use of opioids in high doses to produce anesthesia, techniques that recently have become popular in cardiovascular anesthesia. A major benefit of opioid anesthesia is the cardiovascular stability obtained during induction and throughout operation, even in patients with severely impaired cardiac function. ⋯ The use of very large doses of opioids also will prolong postoperative respiratory depression. High doses of opioids can reduce or prevent the hormonal and metabolic responses to the stress of surgery. However, even very large doses of fentanyl or its newer analogues do not prevent marked increases in plasma catecholamine concentrations in response to cardiopulmonary bypass.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
-
Comparative Study
Ventilatory and analgesic effects of dezocine in humans.
The respiratory depressant and analgesic effects of intravenous dezocine were evaluated in six healthy volunteers. Single 0.15 mg/kg doses were compared with identical amounts of morphine, and the two drugs were given in combination. Five successive 0.15 mg/kg doses of dezocine also were given to identify dose-effect relationships. ⋯ Dezocine is therefore an effective analgesic with morphine-like effects. In human subjects it appears to be a slightly more potent analgesic than morphine in identical clinical doses (0.15 mg/kg). Dezocine is similar to other agonist-antagonist analgesics in that it exhibits a ceiling effect for respiratory depression that parallels its analgesic activity.