Articles: opioid-analgesics.
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The search for new anesthetic and analgesic drugs will be aided by analysis of the structures of chemical compounds which variously stimulate the five proposed opioid receptors or the benzodiazepine receptors. The mechanism of interaction between the benzodiazepines, opioids, and the neuroleptics will be further elucidated. These studies will result in discovery of drugs with fewer side-effects and more specific clinical effects.
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Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol · Jun 1984
Review Comparative StudyEpidural and intrathecal opiates in obstetrics.
The use of epidural and intrathecal opiates in obstetrics is reviewed. Opiate receptors in the substantia gelatinosa of the spinal cord appear to be the main site of drug action after both epidural and intrathecal modes of drug administration. However, an additional systemic effect for this selective spinal analgesia cannot be excluded, especially after epidural drug administration. ⋯ After intrathecal injection of opiates, there was a strong analgesic action during delivery, but an unacceptable amount of side effects prevents their routine use. In post-cesarean patients, epidurally administered opiates are quite effective analgesics, but they still have one serious unwanted effect: respiratory depression of delayed onset. Thus, in routine obstetric practice, epidural or intrathecal opiates play only a limited role.
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In 93 patients (ASA I) undergoing orthopaedic operations respiratory and haemodynamic effects of alfentanil (steady state: spontaneous breathing halothane, N2O/O2) were measured. After injection of alfentanil apnoea was found be readily antagonized by Naloxone. ⋯ The decrease of arterial pressure could be prevented by pre-injection of atropine. Therefore an increased vagal tone must be responsible for depression of haemodynamic parameters.
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Casopís lékar̆ů c̆eských · Apr 1984
Comparative Study Clinical Trial[Drug therapy of pain in patients with rheumatoid arthritis].