Articles: opioid-analgesics.
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Drug Alcohol Depend · Jun 2020
Clinical TrialOpioid withdrawal symptoms, frequency, and pain characteristics as correlates of health risk among people who inject drugs.
Opioid withdrawal symptoms are widely understood to contribute to health risk but have rarely been measured in community samples of opioid using people who inject drugs (PWID). ⋯ Withdrawal symptoms among PWID increase health risk. Treatment of withdrawal symptoms is urgently needed and should include buprenorphine dispensing.
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The purpose of this comprehensive review was to investigate risk factors associated with prolonged opioid use after orthopaedic procedures. A comprehensive review of the opioid literature may help to better guide preoperative management of expectations as well as opioid-prescribing practices. ⋯ Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
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Critical care nurse · Jun 2020
Authorized Agent-Controlled Analgesia for Pain Management in Critically Ill Adult Patients.
Patient-controlled analgesia is commonly used for adult patients requiring parenteral opioid analgesia in the postoperative setting. However, many patients are unable to use patient-controlled analgesia because of physical or cognitive limitations. Authorized agent-controlled analgesia, in which a nurse or family member activates the patient-controlled analgesia device, has been studied in the pediatric population but has received little attention in adults. ⋯ Use of authorized agent-controlled analgesia is associated with a reduction in pain in critically ill patients. Larger studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
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Multicenter Study
Opioid Stewardship Program and Postoperative Adverse Events: A Difference-in-differences Cohort Study.
A 6-month opioid use educational program consisting of webinars on pain assessment, postoperative and multimodal pain opioid management, safer opioid use, and preventing addiction coupled with on-site coaching and monthly assessments reports was implemented in 31 hospitals. The authors hypothesized the intervention would measurably reduce and/or prevent opioid-related harm among adult hospitalized patients compared to 33 nonintervention hospitals. ⋯ A 6-month opioid educational intervention did not reduce opioid adverse events or alter opioid use in hospitalized patients. The authors' findings suggest that despite opioid and multimodal analgesia awareness, limited-duration educational interventions do not substantially change the hospital use of opioid analgesics.