Articles: analgesia.
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One hundred patients (aged 22-86 years, mean 62.5), undergoing lower limb orthopaedic surgery, received continuous spinal anaesthesia using a 28 s.w.g. catheter inserted through a 22 s.w.g. Quincke needle. Post-operative pain relief was provided by bolus injections of 1-2.5 mL 4 h-1 of plain 0.25% bupivacaine. ⋯ Only one patient suffered from post-dural puncture headache on the day after surgery. There was no microbiological contamination of the catheter tips after removal. In the post-operative interview, 89% of the patients were completely satisfied with CSA; 91% would prefer this technique to general anaesthesia.
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Letter Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Fentanyl versus morphine for patient-controlled analgesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Analgesia for venous cannulation: a comparison of EMLA (5 minutes application), lignocaine, ethyl chloride, and nothing.
Three commonly available local anaesthetics were compared, in a controlled trial, for use before venous cannulation. The pain of application of the local anaesthetic, the pain of cannulation, and the rate of successful cannulations were compared. The value of EMLA cream applied for 5 min was questioned. ⋯ Lignocaine 1%, injected subcutaneously, and ethyl chloride spray significantly reduced the pain of venous cannulation (P < 0.01). The use of lignocaine did not result in significantly more failed cannulations than the control group. It was concluded that local anaesthesia should be used before venous cannulation, even for 20G cannulae.
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Introduction Buprenorphine is well known in cancer pain therapy because of the long duration of its action and high analgesic potency. Many studies exist about the intravenous and sublingual application form; however, few data are available on its use by the continuous subcutaneous route. Methods Twenty-five patients were analysed retrospectively over 956 days who has been treated with continuous subcutaneous buprenorphine for cancer-related pain. ⋯ In one case with progressive liver dysfunction, the potential risk of cumulation with buprenorphine could be controlled with this method. Conclusions Continuous subcutaneous buprenorphine with external infusors is a safe and efficient cancer pain therapy without severe side effects. Because of its ceiling effect, it is not as effective as morphine, but can be discussed as an alternative if other opioids cause incompatibility reactions.