Articles: traumatic-brain-injuries.
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J Head Trauma Rehabil · Mar 2016
Time to Follow Commands and Duration of Posttraumatic Amnesia Predict GOS-E Peds Scores 1 to 2 Years After TBI in Children Requiring Inpatient Rehabilitation.
To evaluate the utility of time to follow commands (TFC) in predicting functional outcome after pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI), as assessed by an outcome measure sensitive to the range of outcomes observed after pediatric TBI, the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended, Pediatric Revision (GOS-E Peds). ⋯ Above and beyond the influence of GCS, TFC, PTA, and TFC + PTA are important predictors of later outcome after TBI.
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Insomnia has not been explored as it relates to recovery after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of insomnia among Ontario workers with delayed recovery from mTBI, and its relationship with sociodemographic, TBI- and claim-related, behavioral, and clinical factors. ⋯ Insomnia is common in persons with delayed recovery from mTBI, and is significantly associated with potentially modifiable clinical and nonclinical variables. Care of persons with brain injury requires greater attention with regard to the diagnosis and management of insomnia and associated disorders.
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We present a clinical case of treatment and neurorehabilitation of a patient with severe neurological deficit due to extensive traumatic lesion of the left hemisphere of the brain. Until recently, such cases were considered incurable and remained marginalized throughout their lives. ⋯ This process is addressed in the individual patient. The greatest efficiency of the neurorehabilitation treatment of patients with severe consequences of a stroke and traumatic brain injury can be reached under the following conditions: the earliest possible start of rehabilitation with a sufficient duration and intensity; interdisciplinary and integrative rehabilitation process at various stages of rehabilitation treatment; systematic clinical and neuropsychological diagnostics; systematic monitoring of somatic, neurological, psychiatric, and psychological condition of the patient; assistance with sociopsychological and labor issues; and problem-solving support.
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Clin Neurol Neurosurg · Mar 2016
TBI prognosis calculator: A mobile application to estimate mortality and morbidity following traumatic brain injury.
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a significant public health problem and a leading cause of worldwide mortality and morbidity. Although effective evidence-based guidelines are available to help with management, the first question clinicians and family face is whether or not it is appropriate to intervene at all. To facilitate prognostic assessment and family counseling, we developed mobile application integrating validated TBI prognostic models. ⋯ Prompt and accurate prognosis estimation in TBI is promising. Mobile applications have the potential to enable easier and quicker point-of-care access to validated models, providing additional information to improve management and family counseling. We anticipate that clinicians will find "TBI Prognosis Calculator" useful as an adjunct in their prognostic assessment and family counseling.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Mar 2016
Structural and biochemical abnormalities in the absence of acute deficits in mild primary blast-induced head trauma.
Blast-induced neurotrauma (BINT), if not fatal, is nonetheless potentially crippling. It can produce a wide array of acute symptoms in moderate-to-severe exposures, but mild BINT (mBINT) is characterized by the distinct absence of acute clinical abnormalities. The lack of observable indications for mBINT is particularly alarming, as these injuries have been linked to severe long-term psychiatric and degenerative neurological dysfunction. Although the long-term sequelae of BINT are extensively documented, the underlying mechanisms of injury remain poorly understood, impeding the development of diagnostic and treatment strategies. The primary goal of this research was to recapitulate primary mBINT in rodents in order to facilitate well-controlled, long-term investigations of blast-induced pathological neurological sequelae and identify potential mechanisms by which ongoing damage may occur postinjury. ⋯ This model highlights mBINT's potential for underlying detrimental physical and biochemical alterations despite the lack of apparent acute symptoms and, by recapitulating the human condition, represents an avenue for further examining the pathophysiology of mBINT. The sustained upregulation of acrolein for days after injury suggests that acrolein may be an upstream player potentiating ongoing postinjury damage and neuroinflammation. Ultimately, continued research with this model may lead to diagnostic and treatment mechanisms capable of preventing or reducing the severity of long-term neurological dysfunction following mBINT.