Articles: disease.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Tamoxifen for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A randomized double-blind clinical trial.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common cause of motor neuron disease, and effective treatment for ALS is still lacking. Transactive response (TAR) -DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP-43) is aggregated in the neurons of ALS patients. Animal studies shown TDP-43 aggregation can be attenuated by enhancing autophagy by tamoxifen. However, its beneficial effects for ALS patients remain unknown. ⋯ Tamoxifen exerted only a modest effect on attenuate progression for 6 months in this small trial. Additional larger scale studies should be necessary to confirm whether enhancing autophagy can attenuate ALS progression.
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Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is an autosomal recessive hepatorenal fibrocystic syndrome. The majority of ARPKD patients progress to end-stage renal disease. Precise molecular diagnosis of ARPKD has proven valuable for understanding its mechanism and selecting optimal therapy. ⋯ The novel mutation in polycystic kidney and hepatic disease 1 gene identified by WES might be molecular pathogenic basis of this disorder.
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Observational Study
The impact of tamsulosin on cognition in Alzheimer disease with benign prostate hyperplasia: A study using the Hallym Smart Clinical Data Warehouse.
Studies suggest that the use of alpha-blockers increases the risk of dementia in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Due to study limitations, the relationship between the use of alpha-blockers, such as tamsulosin, and the risk of dementia is still unclear. However, alpha1-adrenoreceptors are also present in the brain, so there is potential for adverse effects on cognitive function. ⋯ After propensity score matching, clinical characteristics such as educational attainment and vascular risk factors were similar in the tamsulosin and no-medication groups. The MMSE scores did not differ significantly between the tamsulosin and no-medication groups (P = .470). The results suggest that tamsulosin for BPH is not associated with worsening of the cognitive decline in patients with AD.
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Review Case Reports
Acquired reactive perforating collagenosis: A case report and review of the literature.
Acquired reactive perforating collagenosis (ARPC) is a rare skin disorder, which is associated with various internal diseases and even malignant neoplasms. A comprehensive knowledge of the concomitant diseases in ARPC patients is helpful to decrease the misdiagnosis. Although the treatment of ARPC is challenging, systemic assessment of existing regimens is not available. ⋯ We present a case of ARPC associated with T2DM, CRF, and hypothyroidism, which has rarely been described. There is no standardized treatment for ARPC. Co-administration of two or more agents for dermatologic interventions and treatment for associated diseases may help to improve skin symptoms.
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Comparative Study
A retrospective cohort study comparing pregnancy outcomes and neonatal characteristics between HIV-infected and HIV-non-infected mothers.
South Africa (SA) has a high disease burden of HIV/AIDS. Previously, studies have shown that HIV-infected women have adverse pregnancy outcomes. ⋯ HIV infection that has been treated does not appear to be an independent risk factor for fetal growth restriction or preterm delivery in an SA population.