Articles: disease.
-
Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer detected for women, and while our ability to treat breast cancer has improved substantially over the years, recurrence remains a major obstacle. Standard screening for new and recurrent breast cancer involves clinical breast imaging. However, there is no clinically approved noninvasive body fluid test for the early detection of recurrent breast cancer. Materials and Method: In this study, we analyzed serum samples from both recurrent and nonrecurrent breast cancer patients by different proteomics methods to identify biomarkers in patients with recurrence of disease. ⋯ Our data indicated that the epigenetic regulation of inflammatory processes plays a critical role in breast cancer recurrence. The identified proteins could lay the groundwork for the development of a serum-based breast cancer recurrence assay.
-
Hypoxia leads to endothelial cell inflammation, apoptosis, and damage, which plays an important role in the complications associated with ischemic cardiovascular disease. As an oxidoreductase, p66Shc plays an important role in the regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis. Ketamine is widely used in clinics. This study was designed to assess the potential protective effect of ketamine against hypoxia-induced injury in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Moreover, we explored the potential mechanism by which ketamine protected against hypoxia-induced endothelial injury. ⋯ Ketamine reduces hypoxia-induced p66Shc expression and attenuates ROS accumulation via upregulating sirt1 in HUVECs, thus attenuating hypoxia-induced endothelial cell inflammation and apoptosis.
-
Inherited metabolic disorders of glycoconjugate metabolism include congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) - disorders in biosynthesis of glycoconjugates; and some of the lysosomal storage diseases (LSD) - disorders of their degradation. This review summarizes the brief characteristics of metabolic pathways of synthesis and catabolism of glycoconjugates as well as the latest update of relevant enzymatic defects discovered in population. Every year the number of known subtypes of these disorders dramatically increases as a result of high-throughput analytical infrastructure applied. ⋯ Thus, disorders of glycoconjugate metabolism should be considered and ruled out in any unexplained syndrome. The collaboration between scientists and physicians plays an important role in the progress of such personalized diagnostics, that is essential mainly for rare diseases (Tab. 2, Fig. 1, Ref. 49). Keywords: congenital disorders of glycosylation, lysosomal storage disorders.