Articles: disease.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
AIDS education for primary school children in Tanzania: an evaluation study.
To test the effects of an HIV/AIDS education program. ⋯ These results indicate that it is feasible and effective to provide AIDS education for Tanzanian primary school children.
-
To assess the effect of introducing consensus guidelines on avoidable blood transfusions in Mwanza region, Tanzania. ⋯ The development and introduction of consensus guidelines was not sufficient to change prescribing practice. The proportion of avoidable blood transfusions decreased only in hospitals where compliance was maintained through regular clinic meetings and strict supervision by senior medical staff.
-
Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. · Aug 1994
Low amniotic fluid glucose levels are a specific but not a sensitive marker for subclinical intrauterine infections in patients in preterm labor with intact membranes.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of a low amniotic fluid glucose level, as defined by previously published thresholds, to identify a subclinical intrauterine infection in women in preterm labor with intact membranes. ⋯ Low amniotic fluid glucose levels are a specific but not a sensitive marker for either intraamniotic or extra-amniotic intrauterine infections in patients with preterm labor.
-
Comparative Study
Demographic and AIDS-related characteristics of consenters to a population-based HIV-survey: results from a pilot study in Arusha, Tanzania.
The aim was to compare demographic and AIDS-related characteristics of people who consented to HIV-testing as part of a population survey with those who did not consent to HIV-testing. Subjects, aged 15-54 years, living in ten randomly selected clusters of households in one ward of Arusha town were asked to participate in a structured interview and to provide a blood sample for HIV-testing. Measurements included demographic variables and AIDS-related factors, such as knowledge of AIDS and sexual behaviour, and HIV-testing with Western Blot confirmation. ⋯ No other demographic or AIDS-related differences were observed between HIV-test consenters and non-consenters. At least in this pilot, non- consenters did not appear to be at any higher risk for HIV-infection than the consenters. Future population-based HIV-surveys might have to compromise on maximizing participation rate in order to secure informed, non-coerced consent from participants.
-
To assess effects of fallout from Chernobyl on incidence of childhood leukaemia in Finland. ⋯ An important increase in childhood leukaemia can be excluded. Any effect is smaller than eight extra cases per million children per year in Finland. The results are consistent with the magnitude of effect expected.