Articles: disease.
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Azithromycin (AZM) is an antimicrobial agent and frequently used in the treatment of pediatric respiratory diseases due to its well-recognized clinical efficacy. Despite some favorable findings from many studies, there is a lack of research reports focusing on the safety profiles and adverse reactions. ⋯ AZM has fewer adverse reactions and better safety profiles, which make AZM a more attractive option in the treatment of pediatric respiratory diseases.
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Chronic kidney disease patients are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease, which is the leading cause of mortality among this population. In addition, chronic kidney disease is a major risk factor for the development of coronary artery disease and is widely regarded as a coronary artery disease risk equivalent. Medical therapy is the cornerstone of coronary artery disease management in the general population. ⋯ In this review, we summarize the available evidence supporting the safety and efficacy of medical therapy of coronary artery disease in chronic kidney disease and ESRD patients. We also discuss the data on new emerging therapies, including PCSK9i, SGLT2i, GLP1 receptor agonists, and nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, which show promise at reducing risk of cardiovascular events in the chronic kidney disease population and may offer additional treatment options. Overall, dedicated studies directly evaluating chronic kidney disease patients, particularly those with advanced chronic kidney disease and ESRD, are greatly needed to establish the optimal medical therapy for coronary artery disease and improve outcomes in this vulnerable population.
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Review Case Reports
Perianal rhabdomyosarcoma in an adult: A case report and review of the literature.
Perianal/perineal rhabdomyosarcomas (PRMS) is rare, and the outcome is poor. A 29-year-old female presented with perineal rhabdomyosarcomas revealed metastases to inguinal lymph nodes on the bilateral side. Disease progression was discovered when the patient got adjuvant epirubicin, ifosfamide, and bevacizumab for 2 cycles. ⋯ The surgical resection was performed. The patient received neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery and was weak after surgery, so he did not receive chemoradiotherapy. The patient succumbed after 11 months postoperatively due to widespread intraabdominal metastasis.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Impact of Finerenone-Induced Albuminuria Reduction on Chronic Kidney Disease Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes : A Mediation Analysis.
In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), finerenone, a nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, reduces cardiovascular and kidney failure outcomes. Finerenone also lowers the urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR). Whether finerenone-induced change in UACR mediates cardiovascular and kidney failure outcomes is unknown. ⋯ Bayer AG.
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Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a medical treatment which involves the transfer of feces from a healthy donor to a recipient to restore the balance of gut microbiota and improve clinical outcomes. FMT has gained recognition in recent years due to its effectiveness in treating recurrent Clostridioides difficile infections (rCDI) and other gastrointestinal disorders. Additionally, it has been studied as an intervention for some other conditions, like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). ⋯ Ethical issues surrounding FMT, including the necessity of informed consent from donors and recipients and the potential transmission of infectious agents, are also discussed. Overall, FMT has the potential to offer significant therapeutic benefits, but it also raises regulatory and ethical considerations that require careful consideration. Further research is necessary to fully comprehend risks and benefits of FMT and to develop guidelines for its use in clinical practice.