Articles: disease.
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Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is the most common joint disease worldwide and, with the progression of an aging population, is one of the most important causes of disability worldwide. Its main symptoms include articular cartilage damage, periarticular pain, swelling, and stiffness. Intra-articular (IA) injections offer many advantages over systemic administration and surgical treatment, including direct action on the target joint to improve local bioavailability, reduce systemic toxicity, and lower costs. ⋯ Studies in platelet-rich plasma (PRP), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and microsphere formulation are likely to be future research hotspots. The current scientometric study provides an overview of KOA intra-articular injection therapy studies from 2012 to 2022. This study outlines the current research hotspots and potential future research hotspots in the field of intra-articular injection treatment for KOA and may serve as a resource for researchers interested in this topic.
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Review Case Reports
Acute intermittent porphyria complicated with acute pancreatitis: A case report and literature review.
Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is a rare genetic disorder that affects porphyrin metabolism in the blood. The disease causes defects in specific enzymes in the body, which in turn leads to the accumulation of porphyrin metabolites. Patients may experience abdominal pain, neurological symptoms, muscle pain, and nausea, but it does not directly cause pancreatitis. ⋯ AIP complicated with acute pancreatitis is very rare. Treatment of AIPs aims to control acute attacks and prevent potential triggers.
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Observational Study
Colorectal Cancer Screening for Persons With a Positive Family History—Evaluation of the FARKOR Program for the Secondary Prevention of Colorectal Cancer in Persons Aged 25 to 50.
Persons with a positive family history of colorectal cancer (CRC) are more likely than others to develop CRC and are also younger at the onset of the disease. Nonetheless, the German Federal Joint Committee (G-BA, Gemeinsamer Bundes - ausschuss) recommends screening all persons aged 50 and above regardless of their family history. FARKOR was a project supported by the Innovation Fund of the G-BA to study the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of a risk-adapted early detection program for CRC among persons aged 25 to 50 without any specific past medical history. ⋯ The detection rates in this study corresponded to those of persons aged 55 to 59 in the current early detection program. Despite numerous problems in the performance of the study (inconsistencies in documentation, external performance of screening measures on program participants), the results support the feasibility of a risk-adapted early detection program in the young target population with a family history of CRC.
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Reports have suggested a relationship between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination and new-onset or recurring renal diseases, of which immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy is a representative disease. Alveolar hemorrhage in patients with IgA nephropathy is rare but reportedly has a high mortality and morbidity. To our knowledge, there have been no reports regarding the development of IgA nephropathy with alveolar hemorrhage following COVID-19 vaccination. ⋯ The present case suggested that although extremely rare, severe renal failure requiring renal replacement therapy could occur in patients with IgA nephropathy after COVID-19 vaccination. Future accumulation of similar cases is needed to predict the risk of renal injury following vaccination.
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Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common diseases in childhood for which antibiotics are commonly prescribed; a systematic review reported a pooled prevalence of 85.6% in high-income countries. This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in the Cochrane Library in 1997 and updated in 1999, 2005, 2009, 2013 and 2015. ⋯ This review reveals that antibiotics probably have no effect on pain at 24 hours, a slight effect on pain in the days following and only a modest effect on the number of children with tympanic perforations, contralateral otitis episodes and abnormal tympanometry findings at two to four weeks compared with placebo in children with AOM. In high-income countries, most cases of AOM spontaneously remit without complications. The benefits of antibiotics must be weighed against the possible harms: for every 14 children treated with antibiotics, one child experienced an adverse event (such as vomiting, diarrhoea or rash) that would not have occurred if antibiotics were withheld. For most children with mild disease in high-income countries, an expectant observational approach seems justified. Therefore, clinical management should emphasise advice about adequate analgesia and the limited role for antibiotics.