Articles: postoperative-pain.
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Surgery causes physiological stress on the body and carries inherent risks such as shock and haemorrhage. This article discusses cardiogenic and hypovolaemic shock and outlines the principles of safe and effective post-operative care, including recognising hypovolaemia, maintaining fluid balance and administering pain control.
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British dental journal · Oct 2004
Review Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialRelative efficacy of oral analgesics after third molar extraction.
To compare the relative efficacy of analgesics after third molar extraction from systematic reviews of randomised, double blind studies. ⋯ NSAIDs and COX-2 inhibitors have the lowest (best) NNTs. They may also have fewer adverse effects after third molar surgery, though conclusive evidence is lacking. At least 80% of analgesic prescribing by UK dentists is in line with the best available evidence on efficacy and safety.
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Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi · Oct 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial[Application of separating brachial plexus block combined with preoperative analgesia by patient controlled intravenous analgesia in tendon repair].
To investigate whether the separating brachial plexus block combined with preoperative analgesia by patient controlled analgesia (PCA) can be applied in tendon repair and postoperative active or passive functional exercise. ⋯ The separating brachial plexus block combined with preoperative analgesia by 2 kinds of PCIA dispensation can be both applied in tendon repair, but the separating effect of brachial plexus block of group B was superior to the group C.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Oct 2004
Review'Protective premedication': an option with gabapentin and related drugs? A review of gabapentin and pregabalin in in the treatment of post-operative pain.
Substantial progress has been made during the last decades in our understanding of acute pain mechanisms, and this knowledge has encouraged the search for novel treatments. Of particular interest has been the observation that tissue injury initiates a number of modulations of both the peripheral and the central pain pathways, which convert the system from a 'physiological' to a 'pathological' mode of processing afferent information. Gabapentin, which binds to the alpha(2)delta subunit of the voltage-dependent calcium channel, is active in animal models of 'pathological' but not in models of 'physiological' pain. ⋯ This article presents a brief summary of the potential mechanisms of post-operative pain, and a systematic review of the available data of gabapentin and pregabalin for post-operative analgesia. It is concluded that the results with gabapentin and pregabalin in post-operative pain treatment published so far are promising. It is suggested that future studies should explore the effects of 'protective premedication' with combinations of various antihyperanalgesic and analgesic drugs for post-operative analgesia.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Oct 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialEfficacy of oral rofecoxib versus intravenous ketoprofen as an adjuvant to PCA morphine after urologic surgery.
Adjunctive use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs has become increasingly popular in the perioperative period because of their opioid-sparing effects. This randomized, controlled, double-dummy study was designed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of using oral rofecoxib as an alternative to intravenous ketoprofen for pain management in patients undergoing urologic surgery. ⋯ Premedication with oral rofecoxib (50 mg) is a cost-effective alternative to the parenteral nonselective NSAID, ketoprofen (100 mg q 8 h), when used as an adjuvant to PCA morphine for pain management after urologic surgery.