Articles: postoperative-pain.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Relaxation technique and postoperative pain in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
A two-group pretest and posttest quasi-experimental design was used to determine the effectiveness of a slow, deep-breathing relaxation technique in relieving postoperative pain after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. A convenience sample of 29 subjects was divided into an experimental group (n = 15), who received relaxation training on the evening before surgery and performed the technique after surgery, and a control group (n = 14), who did not receive relaxation training. Analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. ⋯ No significant differences were seen in analgesic use or visual analogue scale scores. Eleven subjects (73.3%) said the technique was helpful in their pain management. All experimental subjects stated that the relaxation technique was simple to perform, and they would recommend it to others who have postoperative pain.
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We reported the requirement of supplemental analgesics following epidural opioids including Opial 5mg and 10mg, and morphine HCl 2.5mg, for 24 hours in postoperative period after surgery of body surface, and lower and upper abdominal surgeries. Incidence of their side effects was also observed. Opial contains 50% morphine HCl and other opioids such as codeine, thebaine, papaverine, and noscapine etc. ⋯ Kinds and doses of opioids used, suggest that epidural administration of other opioids contained in Opial has some analgesic effect. After the surgery of body surface the opioid requirement may be influenced by the intraoperative anesthetic technics and the state of mind of the patient. Urinary retention was the most interesting side effect observed and our data suggest that papaverine contained in Opial may have favorable effect and morphine HCl may have adverse effects regarding its incidence.
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Anesteziol Reanimatol · Mar 1990
Clinical Trial[Synthetic analgesic moradol at various stages of surgical treatment of patients with cancer].
Moradol ("Galenika", Yugoslavia)/butorphanol tartrate ("Bristol--Mayers C.", USA)/, a synthetic analgesic representing a new generation of opiate receptors agonists-antagonists, devoid of any narcogenic potential has been used as the only analgesic at all stages of anesthesia during cancer surgery in 26 patients. For premedication moradol was used in a mean dose of 0.032 +/- 0.003 mg.kg-1 in combination with diazepam (0.153 +/- 0.005 mg.kg-1) and atropine (0.01 mg X X kg-1). ⋯ General anesthesia was maintained with moradol, diazepam, nitrous oxide and droperidol. The data presented in the paper demonstrate the advantages of moradol at all stages of intra- and postoperative analgesia, which ensures stable anesthetic background (according to hemodynamic parameters) and reduces considerably an overall postoperative analgesic dose.
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The problem of undertreatment of acute postoperative pain has been documented in many studies. This article reviews this evidence and defines the problem of undertreatment as a group of attitudes about pain treatment that originate with deficiencies in knowledge and skills and lead to the development of inappropriate behaviors on the part of health care professionals, patients, and health care system administrators. The correction of these attitudinal barriers to appropriate pain management will require education about opioid pharmacology, newer techniques of opioid administration, and the value of appropriate treatment to the individual patients and the health care system as a whole. Emerging Comprehensive Acute Pain Management Services will play a role in this education and in the standardization of postoperative pain treatment.