Articles: postoperative-pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Analgesic efficacy of piroxicam in the treatment of postoperative pain.
Two randomized, double-blind, single-dose studies were conducted to assess the analgesic efficacy and safety of piroxicam for the treatment of moderate or severe postoperative pain. Study 1 evaluated the analgesic efficacy of piroxicam 20 mg compared with that of codeine sulfate 60 mg and placebo. A final patient population of 149 subjects rated pain intensity and pain relief at one half hour and one hour following treatment and then hourly for six hours, with a global assessment made at the completion of 24 hours. ⋯ In addition, effects of piroxicam 20 mg had a significantly longer duration than aspirin. Similarly, piroxicam 20 mg had a significantly longer time to remedication compared with aspirin and placebo. The results of these studies provide evidence in support of the longer duration of analgesic efficacy of piroxicam compared with codeine or aspirin in patients with postoperative pain.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Analgesic efficacy of piroxicam in postoperative dental pain.
The severity of postoperative dental pain can be variable depending on the type of procedure. Both centrally acting and peripherally acting analgesics, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), aspirin, and acetaminophen are used. NSAIDs are generally better suited to ambulatory outpatients. ⋯ Safety results showed that a wide range of piroxicam doses were safe when administered in single doses. Although neither piroxicam 5 mg nor 10 mg produced clinically significant analgesia, 20-mg and 40-mg doses were significantly superior to placebo and both were comparable with aspirin 648 mg over the initial six hours. Piroxicam 20 mg and 40 mg, however, produced significantly longer durations of analgesia than aspirin 648 mg, and it appears that the analgesic effect of piroxicam may extend for up to 24 hours in a substantial proportion of patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Analgesic effect of aspirin, mefenamic acid and their combination in post-operative oral surgery pain.
A double-blind randomized single dose study of the analgesic effects of 650 mg aspirin, 250 mg mefenamic acid, the combination of 650 mg aspirin and 250 mg mefenamic acid and placebo on 120 patients with pain following oral surgery was conducted. Patients evaluated their pain intensity and extent of pain relief at 1, 2, 3 and 4 h after drug administration. For most parameters, including the sum of the pain intensity differences and the sum of the hourly pain relief scores, each of the drugs was more effective than placebo. Aspirin-mefenamic acid in combination was more effective than both drugs alone, and aspirin and mefenamic acid alone were equally effective for most of the analgesic variables.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Epidural sufentanil for post-operative pain relief: effects of adrenaline.
The analgesic, respiratory and haemodynamic effects of epidural sufentanil 75 micrograms (Group 1) or sufentanil 75 micrograms with adrenaline 75 micrograms (Group 2) were studied in 20 patients following abdominal surgery in a double-blind randomized trial. Pain relief, assessed on a linear analogue scale, sedation, heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), respiratory rate (RR) and arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) were recorded before, and for 12 h after, injection. Good post-operative pain relief was obtained after 4 min in Group 1 and 6 min in Group 2. ⋯ The patients in Group 1 showed more marked sedation 1 h after injection. Changes of HR and MAP were similar in both treatment groups. Side-effects were observed more frequently in Group 2, although the differences were not significant.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effect of the addition of adrenaline to extradural diamorphine analgesia after caesarean section.
In a randomized double-blind study the effect of the addition of adrenaline to extradural diamorphine was assessed in 54 patients after Caesarean section. Patients received extradural diamorphine 5 mg in saline 10 ml with or without adrenaline 1 in 200,000 for postoperative pain relief. Analgesia was profound and of rapid onset in both groups. ⋯ Analgesia was also more consistent in the adrenaline group, with 77% of patients having more than 8 h of good analgesia compared with 48% in the saline group (P less than 0.05). Plasma morphine concentrations, measured in 12 patients, were lower, although not significantly so, in the adrenaline group and mean time to peak concentration markedly delayed. No serious side effects were observed, but there was a higher incidence of vomiting in the adrenaline group.