Articles: low-back-pain.
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A prospective population-based cohort study performed in South Manchester, United Kingdom. ⋯ Although some specific activities may be hazardous to the back, physical activity outside the workplace does not increase the short-term risk of low back pain overall. Leisure-time physical activity is not a hazard to the back, whereas poor physical health in both genders and heavier weight in women do increase the risk of new low back pain episodes in the short term.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Randomised controlled trial of exercise for low back pain: clinical outcomes, costs, and preferences.
To evaluate effectiveness of an exercise programme in a community setting for patients with low back pain to encourage a return to normal activities. ⋯ The exercise class was more clinically effective than traditional general practitioner management, regardless of patient preference, and was cost effective.
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A systematic review of the epidemiologic literature on smoking and low back pain. ⋯ Presently, smoking should be considered a weak risk indicator and not a cause of low back pain.
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Spinal cord stimulation has become an accepted technique used in the management of chronic neuropathic pain syndromes. However, a number of problematic questions remain unanswered. This introduction states some of these problems and concentrates on the problem of whether low back pain can be relieved by stimulation. This paper introduces subsequent contributions to this symposium, which offer some interesting new techniques, and attempts to answer some of the problems presented.
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A prospective observational study of a case series of patients with low back pain referred for epidural injection of corticosteroid. ⋯ Caudal epidural injection is performed ideally with fluoroscopic guidance as the gold standard for accurate drug placement. If fluoroscopic guidance is unavailable, impractical, or contraindicated, the presence of readily palpable anatomic landmarks at the sacral hiatus and the absence of palpable subcutaneous airflow over the sacrum significantly increase the operator's confidence in the likelihood of an accurate injection even before any products are administered into the epidural space.