Articles: general-anesthesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
A randomized, double-blind pilot study examining the use of intravenous ondansetron in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in female inpatients.
To compare the efficacy and safety profiles of intravenous (IV) ondansetron (two 8 mg doses 8 hours apart) and a placebo when used in the prevention of postoperative nausea and emesis (vomiting or retching). ⋯ Prophylactic IV ondansetron appears to be safe and causes a significant reduction in the frequency and severity of postoperative nausea and emesis.
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Arthroscopic shoulder surgery can be performed under regional or general anesthesia. The objective of this study was to demonstrate that regional anesthesia has several benefits over general anesthesia for this type of surgery, particularly in the ambulatory patient. ⋯ It provided excellent intraoperative analgesia and muscle relaxation. Postoperatively, regional anesthesia resulted in fewer side effects, fewer hospital admissions, and a shorter hospital stay than did general anesthesia.
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Anesthesia progress · Jan 1993
Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialCerebral arterial blood flow velocity during induction of general anesthesia: rapid intravenous induction versus awake intubation.
Changes in middle cerebral arterial flow velocity (MCAV) during rapid intravenous induction and awake intubation using transcranial Doppler sonography were investigated. The study involved 20 patients without disorders of the central nervous or cardiovascular systems who were scheduled for maxillofacial surgery. In the intravenous induction group, anesthesia was induced with sodium thiopental, and orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation was facilitated with succinylcholine chloride or alcuronium chloride. ⋯ During awake intubation, blood pressures were increased by endotracheal intubation. MCAV was decreased from the administration of diazepam to the transtracheal injection of lidocaine, but returned to the control value from endotracheal spray to endotracheal intubation. These results suggest that smooth awake intubation may be the safest method of induction for patients with cerebrovascular disorders.
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Thirty-two women underwent major gynaecological surgery with a midazolam-alfentanil total i.v. anaesthetic regimen. Adequacy of anaesthesia was assessed using a "pressure, rate, sweating and tears" (PRST) scoring system in conjunction with the isolated forearm technique (IFT). The IFT revealed that 72% of patients responded during surgery, but none had spontaneous, unprompted postoperative recall for the event. ⋯ Twenty patients, asked specifically during surgery to indicate the presence or absence of pain, experienced pain at some time during their surgical procedure. The PRST score could not be used to predict when a patient was awake. This low-dose i.v. anaesthetic technique cannot be recommended for general use.
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Cahiers d'anesthésiologie · Jan 1993
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial[Postoperative respiratory depression following ambulatory anesthesia for abortion. Evolution of the ventilatory response to CO2 following the use of propofol alone or in association with different opioids: comparison with midazolam in the same situation].
Sixty patients, undergoing minor gynaecologic procedures, were prospectively enrolled in this randomized study. They were anaesthetized with either propofol or midazolam supplemented or not with fentanyl or alfentanil. ⋯ No respiratory depression was observed when propofol was used alone. By contrast, midazolam alone induced a significant respiratory depression during the first postoperative hour.