Articles: general-anesthesia.
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Anesthesia progress · Jan 1992
Comparative StudySupplemental oxygen after outpatient oral and maxillofacial surgery.
Arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) was monitored postoperatively with pulse oximetry in 72 dental patients. Intravenous general anesthesia was employed in 57 patients. All of these patients received supplemental oxygen intraoperatively, and of these, 29 received supplemental oxygen postoperatively. ⋯ Patients with a smoking history had more episodes of desaturation than did nonsmokers in the group that received general anesthesia and breathed room air postoperatively. The total amount of methohexital administered had no significant effect on the number of patients with desaturation episodes. These observations emphasize the need for postoperative oxygen for patients who undergo general anesthesia for outpatient oral and maxillofacial surgery.
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Aneurysmal rupture represents the most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Approximately two-thirds of persons who experience a subarachnoid hemorrhage will die or become disabled. ⋯ The anesthetic management of these patients is reviewed, emphasizing principles relating to the facilitation of surgery--by optimizing operative conditions and minimizing the risks of intraoperative aneurysmal rupture or the aggravation of neurologic deficits--and to the provision of a smooth, stable recovery. Despite the disappointing overall prognosis following subarachnoid hemorrhage, adherence to these principles can optimize the outcome for those patients who reach the operating room.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1992
Comparative StudyDoes the anesthetic method influence the postoperative breathing pattern and gas exchange in hip surgery? A comparison between general and spinal anesthesia.
We studied the effects of elective hip surgery, performed under either spinal (SA, n = 10) or general anesthesia (GA, n = 10), on breathing pattern and gas exchange. Measurements were made with respiratory inductive plethysmograph and indirect calorimetry in two positions before and after surgery. The method of anesthesia had no effect on the severity of postoperative hypoxemia. ⋯ The contribution of rib cage to tidal volume increased postoperatively in the supine position (P less than 0.001; SA from 32.6% +/- 10.3 to 46.3% +/- 7.5, GA from 36.5 +/- 16.4 to 48.5% +/- 15.4). CO2 production, oxygen consumption and energy expenditure remained unchanged. The postoperative changes in breathing pattern are related to the operation, not to the type of anesthesia and do not explain the alterations in gas exchange.