Articles: pain-measurement.
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We examined the relationship between pain distribution and measures of self-reported behavioral functioning, pain intensity, frequency, and quality in 51 patients with chronic pain. Results indicate that patients with more distributed pain report their pain as more disruptive to important areas of functioning and also report their pain as more intense and frequent. These results corroborate previous findings and suggest that pain distribution may be used as a useful clinical marker of disability status in chronic pain patients.
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Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Morphine differentially affects the sensory and affective pain ratings in neurogenic and idiopathic forms of pain.
In a double-blind, placebo controlled crossover study, the effect of morphine on the affective and sensory pain ratings in different forms of chronic pain was investigated. Six patients suffering from central neurogenic pain, 8 from peripheral neurogenic pain and 6 from idiopathic pain participated in the study. Morphine (0.3 mg/kg bodyweight) and placebo (saline) were administered intravenously. ⋯ From our results it appeared that morphine reduced the affective but not the sensory dimension of pain sensation in both groups of neurogenic pain patients. In the idiopathic pain group, neither the affective nor the sensory dimension of pain sensation were affected. The observed differences in opioid responsiveness were neither the result of differences in opioid consumption nor of differences in baseline pain levels.
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Comparative Study
The word-graphic rating scale as a measure of children's and adolescents' pain intensity.
A program of studies was designed to select and test a pain intensity scale for inclusion in a multidimensional pain assessment tool for children and adolescents. The focus was on determining each scale's validity, reliability, ease of use, preference, and the lack of age, gender, and ethnic biases. Five pain scales were evaluated in four separate studies: a word-graphic rating scale, a visual analogue scale, a graded-graphic rating scale, a magnitude estimation scale (0 to 10), and a color scale. ⋯ The scale demonstrated sensitivity to changes in postoperative pain intensity over time. In Study 4, convergent validity of the five scales and test-retest reliability of the word-graphic rating scale were supported. The series of four studies provides strong evidence to support use of the word-graphic rating scale to measure pain intensity in pediatric populations.