Articles: pain-measurement.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
[Validation of electronic by conventional pain diaries].
A new type of electronic pain diary was validated in an open, randomized, crossover study. The main target variables were the comparison of the correctly realized pain assessment entries as well as the recording of the number of adverse events. Selected for the study were 20 patients, who were either hospitalized, partially-hospitalized or treated on an out-patient basis, with painful spondylogenic spinal syndrome or osteoarthritis of the trunk-proximal large joints. ⋯ Likewise, the functional impairment of the affected joints as well as the swelling decreased markedly. The advantages of the electronic data recording system, i.e. closely-meshed controls can be carried out, transcriptional errors are minimized, data can be processed on-line, no possibility to subsequently change an entry, stand in contrast to the feature that there is no possibility to make free-style entries. The employment of the electronic system in the recording of individual data and subjective data represents a substantial improvement with regard to the quantity and quality of the data.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Analgesic effects of different pulse patterns of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on cold-induced pain in normal subjects.
The analgesic efficacy of various pulse patterns of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) were assessed in 84 normal healthy subjects using the cold pressor pain technique. Burst, modulation, random and continuous TENS all significantly elevated ice pain threshold. ⋯ Increasing the size of electrodes reduced the effect of continuous TENS. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
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Klinische Wochenschrift · Jan 1991
Review[How painful is long-term ventilation? Considerations on the importance of analgesia within the scope of analgosedation].
The goal of analgesia and sedation in intensive care units is most often achieved using numerous drug combinations, mostly justified by physicians' and nurses' habits instead of rational pharmacological criteria for the choice of drugs and dosages. The present paper aims at defining the analgesic situation of ventilated intensive care patients and concludes from analogy with other, better understood states of pain that the importance of analgesic drugs is frequently overrated. To achieve effective analgesia and sedation in individual patients, the dosage must be titrated to individual needs. The author suggests that standardized baseline analgesia should be used, which enables sedation to be titrated, whereas the opposite is not practicable in clinical routine.
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Ann Fr Anesth Reanim · Jan 1991
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial[Evaluation of obstetrical pain by a questionnaire of adjectives. Comparison of 2 epidural analgesia protocols].
A French version of the McGill pain questionnaire, the "Questionnaire Douleur Saint Antoine" (QDSA), was assessed prospectively by comparing two epidural analgesia protocols using bupivacaine. One hundred women in labour who asked for epidural analgesia were randomly allocated to two groups and received either 0.25% or 0.5% bupivacaine (mean initial doses 32.5 and 50 mg respectively) with adrenaline 1 in 200,000. All the patients were then instructed to trigger a patient controlled analgesia (PCA) device for top-up doses of 0.25% bupivacaine with adrenaline 1 in 400,000 once they became aware of pain returning. ⋯ On the other hand, the affective part of the score was only correlated with the level of anxiety and behaviour. The sensory part of this score was the only one to show a difference between the different initial doses given to the patients. The results obtained with this series of patients underline the value of a multidimensional assessment of labour pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
[Real time collection of pain profile in treatment with ibuprofen].
In an open three-center pilot study, 17 patients suffering from chronic persistent pain syndrome, due to osteoarthritis of the hip and knee or spondylarthrosis, were treated orally with 1800-2400 mg Ibuprofen per day for 3 weeks. The chronic pain syndrome and joint status were assessed by the physician at the beginning, and after 7, 14 and 21 days. Self-assessments were made by the patients six times daily during the full study period by means of battery-driven electronic diaries (E. ⋯ The closely-meshed real-time recording of pain course and other subjective data, such as adverse events or medication, etc., enables the physician to calculate more exactly and reliably improvement rates, as well as to carry out prognostic trend analyses and individual benefit-risk-ratio estimates. By comparing different kinds of data, each entered at the same time, plausibility checks are possible. The procedure presented here is considered to be a new valuable tool for reviewing subjective data from clinical drug trials.