Articles: pain-measurement.
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Diverse behavioral cues have been proposed to be useful cues in infant pain assessment, but there is a paucity of evidence on the basis of formal psychometric evaluation to establish their validity for this purpose. We aimed to examine 2 widely used coding systems, the Neonatal Facial Coding System (NFCS) and the Modified Behavior Pain Scale (MBPS), by examining their factor structures with confirmatory factor analysis using a large archival data set. The results indicated that an item-reduced NFCS scale with 3 items produced a 1-factor pain model that maintained the good psychometric properties of the 7-item scale. ⋯ Redefinition of the MBPS with cry as a sole indicator was suggested. This analysis provides 2 new iterations of the NFCS and MBPS that improve construct validity and internal consistency. These shorter versions also improve the feasibility of both measures and increase their potential for clinical use because less time is required for their administration.
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Observational Study
Does Duration of Pain at Baseline Influence Clinical Outcomes of Low Back Pain Patients Managed on an Evidence-based Pathway?
Longitudinal observational study. ⋯ 3.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Patient-Controlled Paravertebral Block for Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery: A Randomized Trial.
Paravertebral block (PVB) has been proven to be an efficient way to control postoperative pain in patients who have undergone a thoracotomy. This study explored whether the use of a patient-controlled PVB can provide benefits over intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) for 3-port single-intercostal video-assisted thoracic surgery. ⋯ PVB, which resulted in lower cumulative dezocine doses and produced fewer side effects than PCA, can provide effective pain relief for patients undergoing video-assisted thoracic surgery.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Sep 2018
Multicenter StudyAssessment of Nociception and Pain in Participants in an Unresponsive or Minimally Conscious State After Acquired Brain Injury: The Relation Between the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised and the Nociception Coma Scale-Revised.
To investigate the relation between consciousness and nociceptive responsiveness (ie, Nociception Coma Scale-Revised [NCS-R]), to examine the suitability of the NCS-R for assessing nociception in participants with disorders of consciousness (DOC), and to replicate previous findings on psychometric properties of the scale. ⋯ We report a strong relation between the responsiveness to nociception and the level of consciousness. The NCS-R seems to be a valuable tool for assessing nociception in an efficient manner, but additional studies are needed to allow recommendations for clinical assessment of subjective pain experience.
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The specific link between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and pain is unknown, but it has been hypothesized that OSA patients are hyperalgesic because of fragmented sleep and hypoxemia that enhance sensitivity to pain, promote inflammation, and increase spontaneous pain. We conducted a systematic review of the literature assessing whether OSA is a risk factor for subjective pain intensity and experimental pain tolerance and threshold. ⋯ This systematic review summarizes the current evidence for the association of OSA and pain outcomes. Further research is needed to identify the differential effects of nocturnal hypoxemia and fragmented sleep on pain intensity. Clinicians might consider screening patients with chronic pain for OSA.