Articles: pain-measurement.
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Research reveals that neonatal pain management in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) is suboptimal. There is limited research that assessed NICU nurses' pain assessment practices in Saudi Arabia. ⋯ NICU nurses in Saudi Arabia consistently assessed for and documented pain; however, the tools chosen were sometimes suboptimal. A substantial number of NICU nurses used invalid tools to assess pain in term and preterm neonates. An interventional program is needed to enhance the use of evidence-based practice recommendations regarding neonatal pain assessment by nurses in the Neonatal Intensive Care Units in Saudi Arabia.
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Facial grimacing is used to quantify spontaneous pain in mice and other mammals, but scoring relies on humans with different levels of proficiency. Here, we developed a cloud-based software platform called PainFace ( http://painface.net ) that uses machine learning to detect 4 facial action units of the mouse grimace scale (orbitals, nose, ears, whiskers) and score facial grimaces of black-coated C57BL/6 male and female mice on a 0 to 8 scale. ⋯ By analyzing the frequency distribution of grimace scores, we found that mice spent 7x more time in a "high grimace" state following laparotomy surgery relative to sham surgery controls. Our study shows that PainFace reproducibly quantifies facial grimaces indicative of nonevoked spontaneous pain and enables laboratories to standardize and scale-up facial grimace analyses.
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The Pain Responses Scale and its Short Form (PRS-SF) were recently developed to assess the affective, behavioral, and cognitive responses to pain based on the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and behavioral activation system (BAS) model of chronic pain. The purpose of this study was to provide additional tests of the psychometric properties of the PRS-SF in a new sample of individuals with chronic pain. ⋯ The results provide additional support for the validity of the 4 PRS-SF Scale scores, and the reliability of 3 of the scales. If these findings are replicated in future research, investigators may wish to administer more items from the original Relaxation Scale when assessing this domain to ensure adequate reliability for this scale. The other items from the PRS-SF assessing despondent, escape, and approach responses appear to provide at least adequate reliability. When used in this way, the PRS-SF may be used to measure BIS and BAS responses to pain to: (1) provide further tests of the BIS-BAS model of chronic pain and/or (2) understand the potential mediating effects of BIS and BAS responses on the effects of psychological pain treatments to help determine which specific responses are most responsible for the benefits of treatment, and, therefore, which responses should be specifically targeted to enhance treatment response.
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Since March 1, 2017, medical cannabis (MC) can be prescribed nationwide in Germany. To date, there have been a number of qualitatively different studies on the effectiveness of MC in fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). ⋯ The results provide indications that THC can be considered as a medical alternative in addition to the substances previously recommended in various guidelines.
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To evaluate the effectiveness of art therapy in reducing pain and anxiety in adolescents with painful conditions treated in the ED. ⋯ Art therapy may be associated with clinically significant decreases and qualitative improvements in pain and anxiety in adolescents with painful conditions being treated in the ED. This novel treatment may improve the holistic care of adolescents with painful conditions in the ED.