Articles: pain-measurement.
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Bmc Musculoskel Dis · Aug 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialPrediction of pain outcomes in a randomized controlled trial of dose-response of spinal manipulation for the care of chronic low back pain.
No previous studies have created and validated prediction models for outcomes in patients receiving spinal manipulation for care of chronic low back pain (cLBP). We therefore conducted a secondary analysis alongside a dose-response, randomized controlled trial of spinal manipulation. ⋯ Internal validation of prediction models showed that participant characteristics preceding the start of care were poor predictors of at least 50% improvement and the individual's future pain intensity. Pain collected shortly after completion of 6 weeks of study intervention predicted future pain the best.
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To examine the measurement properties of the Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire Revised (CPAQ-R) and its subscales with people with knee osteoarthritis using Rasch analysis. ⋯ The Activity Engagement and Pain Willingness subscales have good measurement properties for 2 distinct factors relevant to pain acceptance. CPAQ-R is a valid measurement tool that may help target and evaluate response to treatments that address low activity engagement and pain willingness in people with osteoarthritis.
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Leg cramps are a common problem in pregnancy. Various interventions have been used to treat them, including drug, electrolyte and vitamin therapies, and non-drug therapies. ⋯ It is unclear from the evidence reviewed whether any of the interventions (oral magnesium, oral calcium, oral vitamin B or oral vitamin C) provide an effective treatment for leg cramps. This is primarily due to outcomes being measured and reported in different, incomparable ways, and design limitations compromising the quality of the evidence (the level of evidence was graded low or very low). This was mainly due to poor study design and trials being too small to address the question satisfactorily.Adverse outcomes were not reported, other than side effects for magnesium versus placebo/no treatment. It is therefore not possible to assess the safety of these interventions.The inconsistency in the measurement and reporting of outcomes, meant that data could not be pooled, meta-analyses could not be carried out, and comparisons between studies are difficult.The review only identified trials of oral interventions (magnesium, calcium, vitamin B or vitamin C) to treat leg cramps in pregnancy. None of the trials considered non-drug therapies, for example, muscle stretching, massage, relaxation, heat therapy, and dorsiflexion of the foot. This limits the completeness and applicability of the evidence.Standardised measures for assessing the frequency, intensity and duration of leg cramps to be used in large well-conducted randomised controlled trials are needed to answer this question. Trials of non-drug therapies are also needed.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A Perioperative Course of Gabapentin Does Not Produce a Clinically Meaningful Improvement in Analgesia after Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Perioperative gabapentin does not significantly improve pain after neuraxial caesarean section.
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Alberta Breakthrough Pain Assessment Tool: A validation multicentre study in cancer patients with breakthrough pain.
Cancer-related breakthrough pain (BTP) is a common and quite challenging pain syndrome, with significant impact on quality of life. To date, no widely recognized and validated tool for the diagnosis and evaluation of BTP exists. The Alberta Breakthrough Pain Assessment Tool (ABPAT) underwent a validation process during its development, but no experience of its implementation in clinical practice has been reported. ⋯ In this study, ABPAT resulted to be a well-accepted tool for BTP assessment and characterization in a relatively large cohort of cancer patients. It is effective in discovering the unmet needs of cancer patients and in exploring the outcomes of BTP treatment.