Articles: nerve-block.
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Reg Anesth Pain Med · Mar 2005
Case ReportsContinuous peripheral nerve block for battlefield anesthesia and evacuation.
Peripheral nerve and continuous peripheral nerve block (CPNB) have the potential to be valuable techniques in combat anesthesia. We describe the first successful application of CPNB in the pain management and surgical management of a combat casualty as he was evacuated from the Iraqi battlefield to the United States.
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To evaluate neurostimulation of motor components of the vastus medialis muscle and the rectus femoris muscle, with a view to blocking the medial sensory fibres of the saphenous nerve. ⋯ Neurostimulation of the vastus medialis muscle has the same effect as neurostimulation of the rectus femoris muscle with respect to anesthesia of the saphenous nerve. Neurostimulation of the medial compartment of the femoral nerve saves local anesthetic, compared to a standard femoral block.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Mar 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialAdding clonidine to the induction bolus and postoperative infusion during continuous femoral nerve block delays recovery of motor function after total knee arthroplasty.
We evaluated the effects of adding clonidine for continuous peripheral nerve infusions. Sixty patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty under combined single-injection sciatic block and continuous femoral infusion were randomly allocated to three groups: block induction with 0.75% ropivacaine followed by 0.2% ropivacaine (group control; n = 20); block induction with 0.75% ropivacaine and 1 microg/kg clonidine followed by 0.2% ropivacaine (group cloni-bolus; n = 20), and block induction with 0.75% ropivacaine and 1 microg/kg clonidine followed by 0.2% ropivacaine with 1 microg/mL clonidine (group cloni-infusion; n = 20). After surgery, continuous femoral infusion was provided with a patient-controlled infusion pump (basal infusion rate, 6 mL/h; incremental dose, 2 mL; lockout time, 15 min). ⋯ Hemodynamic profiles and sedation were similar in the three groups. Motor function impairment after 48 h of infusion was observed in 27% of cloni-infusion patients but in only 6% of both the control and cloni-bolus groups (P = 0.05). We conclude that adding clonidine 1 microg/mL to local anesthetic for continuous femoral nerve block does not improve the quality of pain relief but has the potential for delaying recovery of motor function.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
The effect of pudendal block on voiding after hemorrhoidectomy.
Urinary retention in common benign anal surgery is a burden to ambulatory surgery. A pudendal nerve block was used in hemorrhoid surgery to reduce voiding complications. ⋯ A pudendal nerve block with bupivacaine results in fewer postoperative voiding complications and less pain compared with the traditional spinal anesthesia in a hemorrhoidectomy.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Mar 2005
Comparative Study Clinical TrialPharmacokinetics of 0.5% levobupivacaine following ilioinguinal-iliohypogastric nerve blockade in children.
Bupivacaine (2 mg kg(-1)) has been recommended for blockade of the ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerves in paediatric patients undergoing inguinal surgery. We determined the plasma concentrations of levobupivacaine following ilioinguinal-iliohypogastric block. ⋯ Levobupivacaine and bupivacaine are equally absorbed to similar maximum concentrations.