Articles: nerve-block.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Block of the sacral segments in lumbar epidural anaesthesia.
Block of the first sacral segment is often delayed in lumbar epidural anaesthesia. The addition of either epinephrine or sodium bicarbonate to the local anaesthetic enhances the efficacy of epidural block. We assessed the block of lumbo-sacral segments in lumbar epidural anaesthesia adding epinephrine and/or bicarbonate to lidocaine. ⋯ A combination of lidocaine, bicarbonate, and epinephrine increases the pain threshold over the sacral segments.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Feb 2003
Case ReportsIs ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block always totally safe in children?
We report a case of accidental puncture of the small bowel during an ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block procedure for hernia repair. The diagnosis was made a few days later during a laparoscopic exploration owing to the progressive onset of clinical and radiological intestinal obstruction. ⋯ This case is the first reported using an atraumatic short bevel needle. We discuss the technical aspects of the procedure and underline the fact that regional anaesthesia in children is never totally risk free.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialThe dose response and effects of dexamethasone on bupivacaine microcapsules for intercostal blockade (T9 to T11) in healthy volunteers.
Biodegradable microcapsules containing bupivacaine/dexamethasone produce an anesthetic duration of 7-11 days in animal models. In this investigation, we explored the effect of increasing doses (Part 1) and the effect of including dexamethasone (Part 2) on the onset, density, and duration of analgesia and anesthesia produced by bupivacaine microcapsules. Concentrations ranging from 0.3125% to 5.0% in microcapsules were compared with 0.25% aqueous bupivacaine (bilateral injection, three intercostal nerves, 2 mL per nerve) (Part 1). ⋯ Inclusion of dexamethasone increased the duration of pinprick anesthesia in 2.5% microcapsules (P = 0.03). We conclude that bupivacaine/dexamethasone microcapsules are well tolerated and demonstrate a dose-related effect in onset and duration of intercostal blockade. Inclusion of dexamethasone increases intercostal block anesthesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Three-in-one femoral nerve block as analgesia for fractured neck of femur in the emergency department: a randomized, controlled trial.
We determine whether 3-in-1 femoral nerve block is effective as analgesia for fractured neck of femur when administered by emergency physicians. ⋯ Three-in-one femoral nerve block is an effective method of providing analgesia to patients with fractured neck of femur in the ED. All grades of medical staff were able to apply and consolidate this skill.
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We studied the incidence and clinical characteristics of persistent diplopia related to anaesthesia for cataract surgery in a general hospital. ⋯ Persistent diplopia can occur after cataract surgery using retrobulbar block predominantly through direct damage to the inferior rectus muscle. The overall incidence of anaesthesia-related diplopia in this series was 0.25%.