Articles: nerve-block.
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Observational Study
Can the rhomboid major muscle be used to identify the thoracic spinal segment on ultrasonography?: A prospective observational study.
We investigated the thoracic segment corresponding to the inferior margin of the rhomboid major muscle (RMM) using ultrasound (US) to evaluate its potential as a reliable anatomic landmark for segment identification. ⋯ The RMM's inferior border over the transverse process corresponded to T6 most frequently on paravertebral sagittal US, and its deep fascia was clearly visible in most cases.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Erector spinae plane block versus its combination with superficial parasternal intercostal plane block for postoperative pain after cardiac surgery: a prospective, randomized, double-blind study.
We aimed to compare the effectiveness of bilateral erector spinae plane (ESP) block and superficial parasternal intercostal plane (S-PIP) + ESP block in acute post-sternotomy pain following cardiac surgery. ⋯ In open cardiac surgery, the combination of ESP and S-PIP blocks lowers pain scores and postoperative morphine requirement of patients.
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The objective of this study was to compare analgesic efficacy of erector spinae plane block(ESPB) and thoracic paravertebral block(TPVB) combined with intercostal nerve block(ICNB) after video assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS). ⋯ The present randomized trial showed that the analgesic effect of TPVB + ICNB was superior to that of INCB after VATS, the analgesic effect of ESPB was equivalent to that of TPVB and ICNB.