Articles: intubation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Reducing the haemodynamic responses to laryngoscopy and intubation. A comparison of alfentanil with fentanyl.
The effects of alfentanil and fentanyl on controlling the haemodynamic responses to laryngoscopy and intubation have been compared. Five groups of ten patients were studied. Induction was with thiopentone 4 mg/kg. ⋯ In those given 15 and 30 micrograms/kg alfentanil it was 11 and 12 minutes respectively. In those given 5 micrograms/kg fentanyl it was greater than 15 minutes. Alfentanil is shown to reduce the cardiovascular responses to laryngoscopy and intubation and the effect appears to have a shorter duration than that of fentanyl.
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J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. · Sep 1984
Case ReportsComplications associated with the use of the cuffless endotracheal tube in the horse.
Complications following the use of the cuffless large animal endotracheal tube during general anesthesia in 2 horses are reported. One horse developed laryngeal edema during recovery. ⋯ The second horse had a swollen tongue and had difficulty eating for 3 days after anesthesia. The condition resolved without treatment. this report is a reminder of the potential damage which can occur from endotracheal intubation.
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Maintaining an unobstructed airway and providing adequate oxygenation and CO2 elimination, by artificial means if necessary, are among the highest priorities in all life-threatening circumstances. How this goal can best be met in the prehospital setting has become a controversial issue. The esophageal obturator airway (EOA) frequently is used in the prehospital setting, but its use and effectiveness recently have been criticized. ⋯ Many perceived EOA problems are due to poor mask fit and can be rectified. Although endotracheal intubation is the accepted standard for airway management in the apneic patient, its limitations in the prehospital setting are many. These utilization problems and complications remain undefined and must be addressed.
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Ann Oto Rhinol Laryn · Sep 1984
Case ReportsComplications associated with a narrow bore nasogastric tube.
The use of a new narrow bore nasogastric feeding tube with stylet has resulted in two cases of misplacement with traumatic laceration of the visceral pleura. Diagnoses were made by chest x-ray film, one case immediately and the other 24 hours later. In both cases, the narrow bore tube was inserted asymptomatically by a graduate physician. Detailed case reports of both patients are presented, those patients at risk for abnormal placement of this nasogastric tube are discussed, and new guidelines for safer use are proposed.
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19 laryngeal injuries are reported. 16 were secondary to orotracheal intubation and 3 were sequelae of gastroscopy, laryngoscopy and a nasogastric tube. In 6 patients, the trauma followed prolonged nasotracheal intubation, 10 cases followed a single endotracheal intubation. The main symptom was hoarseness. ⋯ In the cases of subluxation the arytenoid cartilage was dislocated posterolaterally, with the cord in the abducted position. For treatment we recommend closed reduction and injection of Cortison-Crystal-suspension into the joint. The outcome is good after single endotracheal intubation, but bad in prolonged nasotracheal intubation because of ankylosis of the cricoarytenoid joint.