Articles: acute-pain.
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Diverse behavioral cues have been proposed to be useful cues in infant pain assessment, but there is a paucity of evidence on the basis of formal psychometric evaluation to establish their validity for this purpose. We aimed to examine 2 widely used coding systems, the Neonatal Facial Coding System (NFCS) and the Modified Behavior Pain Scale (MBPS), by examining their factor structures with confirmatory factor analysis using a large archival data set. The results indicated that an item-reduced NFCS scale with 3 items produced a 1-factor pain model that maintained the good psychometric properties of the 7-item scale. ⋯ Redefinition of the MBPS with cry as a sole indicator was suggested. This analysis provides 2 new iterations of the NFCS and MBPS that improve construct validity and internal consistency. These shorter versions also improve the feasibility of both measures and increase their potential for clinical use because less time is required for their administration.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Sep 2018
Review[Placebo Effects in Acute Pain Therapy].
Placebo and nocebo effects are currently within the focus of clinical and experimental pain research. Neurophysiological and psychophysiological mechanisms might play an important role. ⋯ Apart from that three different psychological mechanisms might be relevant for placebo and nocebo effects: classical conditioning, social learning and pain expectation. An open analgesic drug application, detailed patient information about efficacy and possible adverse events (without an extensive focus on it) of perioperative analgesic drugs and interventions and an active involvement of the patient in pain therapy (e.g. by using patient-controlled analgesia) might improve acute pain therapy via an additive placebo effect (by around 30%).
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Anesthesiology clinics · Sep 2018
ReviewWhat Can Regional Anesthesiology and Acute Pain Medicine Learn from "Big Data"?
Demonstrating value added to patients' experience through regional anesthesiology and acute pain medicine is critical. Evidence supporting improved outcomes can be derived from prospective studies or retrospective cohort studies. Population-based studies relying on existing clinical and administrative databases are helpful when an outcome is rare and detecting a change would require studying large numbers of patients. This article discusses the effect of regional anesthesiology and acute pain medicine interventions on mortality and morbidity, infection rate, cancer recurrence, inpatient falls, local anesthetic systemic toxicity, persistent postsurgical pain, and health care costs.
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Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and interferential current demonstrate similar effects in relieving acute and chronic pain: a systematic review with meta-analysis.
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and interferential current have been widely used in clinical practice. However, a systematic review comparing their effects on pain relief has not yet been performed. ⋯ Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and interferential current have similar effects on pain outcome The low number of studies included in this meta-analysis indicates that new clinical trials are needed.