Articles: chronic.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Aug 2018
Treatment of Chronic Pain With Various Buprenorphine Formulations: A Systematic Review of Clinical Studies.
Clinical studies demonstrate that buprenorphine is a pharmacologic agent that can be used for the treatment of various types of painful conditions. This study investigated the efficacy of 5 different types of buprenorphine formulations in the chronic pain population. The literature was reviewed on PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Database, clinicaltrials.gov, and PROSPERO that dated from inception until June 30, 2017. ⋯ Of the 25 studies reviewed, a total of 14 studies demonstrated clinically significant benefit with buprenorphine in the management of chronic pain: 1 study out of 6 sublingual and intravenous buprenorphine, the only sublingual buprenorphine/naloxone study, 2 out of 3 studies of buccal buprenorphine, and 10 out of 15 studies for transdermal buprenorphine showed significant reduction in pain against a comparator. No serious adverse effects were reported in any of the studies. We conclude that a transdermal buprenorphine formulation is an effective analgesic in patients with chronic pain, while buccal buprenorphine is also a promising formulation based on the limited number of studies.
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Minerva anestesiologica · Aug 2018
Hepatic encephalopathy and cirrhotic cardiomyopathy in Intensive Care Unit.
Acute and chronic liver diseases may escalate to hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and multiple organ failure, requiring admission and organ support in Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Hepatic dysfunction in ICU is a broad and complex topic; unfortunately, up to now, the understanding of its underlying pathophysiology is far from complete. HE and cirrhotic cardiomyopathy (CCM) need timely diagnostic and therapeutic measures aiming at the identification and elimination of causative factors, to improve patients' prognosis. Through this short review, we tried to answer the most asked questions about clinical features of HE and CCM at the ICU stage.
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Intensive care medicine · Aug 2018
LetterHypothesis: early renal replacement therapy increases mortality in critically ill patients with acute on chronic renal failure. A post hoc analysis of the AKIKI trial.
Abstract