Articles: function.
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Lysosomes possess a multitude of biological functions and are known to play a crucial role in the proliferation and metastasis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This study aims to systematically investigate the potential role of lysosomes-related genes (LRGs) in the development of heterogeneity and prognosis in HNSCC. Publicly available transcriptome and clinical data of HNSCC were obtained and analyzed using consensus clustering to identify molecular subtypes. ⋯ Patients in the low-risk group had better immune therapy response, while those in the high-risk group had higher drug sensitivity. Finally, our nomogram, which combines clinical N staging and LRG-derived model, demonstrated excellent prognostic evaluation performance as shown by decision curve analysis and calibration curve. The study provides a comprehensive analysis of the expression and prognostic significance of LRGs in HNSCC, leading to the identification of 2 distinct molecular subtypes and the development of a risk model based on LRGs.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Prehospital Tranexamic Acid for Severe Trauma.
Whether prehospital administration of tranexamic acid increases the likelihood of survival with a favorable functional outcome among patients with major trauma and suspected trauma-induced coagulopathy who are being treated in advanced trauma systems is uncertain. ⋯ Among adults with major trauma and suspected trauma-induced coagulopathy who were being treated in advanced trauma systems, prehospital administration of tranexamic acid followed by an infusion over 8 hours did not result in a greater number of patients surviving with a favorable functional outcome at 6 months than placebo. (Funded by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council and others; PATCH-Trauma ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02187120.).
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jul 2023
Review Meta AnalysisInterventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway versus placebo or no therapy for fetal growth restriction in pregnancy.
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a condition of poor growth of the fetus in utero. One of the causes of FGR is placental insufficiency. Severe early-onset FGR at < 32 weeks of gestation occurs in an estimated 0.4% of pregnancies. This extreme phenotype is associated with a high risk of fetal death, neonatal mortality, and neonatal morbidity. Currently, there is no causal treatment, and management is focused on indicated preterm birth to prevent fetal death. Interest has risen in interventions that aim to improve placental function by administration of pharmacological agents affecting the nitric oxide pathway causing vasodilatation. ⋯ Interventions affecting the nitric oxide pathway probably do not seem to influence all-cause (fetal and neonatal) mortality in pregnant women carrying a baby with FGR, although more evidence is needed. The certainty of this evidence is moderate for sildenafil and low for tadalafil and nitroglycerin. For sildenafil a fair amount of data are available from randomised clinical trials, but with low numbers of participants. Therefore, the certainty of evidence is moderate. For the other interventions investigated in this review there are insufficient data, meaning we do not know whether these interventions improve perinatal and maternal outcomes in pregnant women with FGR.
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Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being used in patient care. In the future, physicians will need to understand not only the basic functioning of AI applications, but also their quality, utility, and risks. ⋯ AI has the potential to improve patient care while meeting the challenge of dealing with an ever-increasing surfeit of information and data in medicine with limited human resources. The limitations and risks of AI applications require critical and responsible consideration. This can best be achieved through a combination of scientific.