Articles: sars-cov-2.
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J. Korean Med. Sci. · Oct 2022
Multicenter StudySARS-CoV-2-Naïve Korean Children and Adolescents Hospitalized With COVID-19 in 2021.
The risk of severe outcomes with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) delta variant remains low in children and adolescents, but less is known about its effect on the SARS-CoV-2-naïve population. This study evaluated clinical manifestations and risk factors for moderate-to-critical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in mostly SARS-CoV-2-naïve children and adolescents in 2021. ⋯ Despite its similar severity among most SARS-CoV-2-naïve children and adolescents, the delta variant may affect COVID-19 severity in those with high-risk underlying medical conditions. Underlying conditions, particularly obesity, may cause severe COVID-19 in children and adolescents, warranting strong consideration for vaccinating high-risk children.
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The submarine environment presents unique challenges in mitigating the spread of respiratory viruses because of the re-circulatory atmosphere and lack of ability to physically distance. The atmosphere of a submarine is periodically ventilated and continuously scrubbed. However, the air is recycled for months until the ship is able to ventilate. An outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) occurred on a U.S. Navy fast-attack nuclear submarine (SSN) with a crew of 128 personnel. ⋯ As expected, SARS-CoV-2 was able to spread rapidly among a submarine crew. In 11 days, the infection spread to 64 total crewmembers out of 128. Outbreaks such as these have played a role in future COVID-19 testing and mitigation protocols that have affected day-to-day operations.
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Case Reports
Massive Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum-A Form of Presentation for Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia.
For COVID-19 pneumonia, many manifestations such as fever, dyspnea, dry cough, anosmia and tiredness have been described, but differences have been observed from person to person according to age, pulmonary function, damage and severity. In clinical practice, it has been found that patients with severe forms of infection with COVID-19 develop serious complications, including pneumomediastinum. Although two years have passed since the beginning of the pandemic with the SARS-CoV-2 virus and progress has been made in understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the COVID-19 infection, there are also unknown factors that contribute to the evolution of the disease and can lead to the emergence some complications. ⋯ During hospitalization, lung lesions evolved 80% pulmonary damage associated with pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema. After three months, the patient completely recovered and the pneumomediastinum fully recovered with the complete disappearance of the lesions. Pneumomediastinum is a severe and rare complication in COVID-19 pneumonia, especially in male patients, without risk factors, and an early diagnosis can increase the chances of survival.
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Some individuals experience persistent symptoms after initial symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection (often referred to as Long COVID). ⋯ This study presents modeled estimates of the proportion of individuals with at least 1 of 3 self-reported Long COVID symptom clusters (persistent fatigue with bodily pain or mood swings; cognitive problems; or ongoing respiratory problems) 3 months after symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection.