Articles: opioid.
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2017
Randomized Controlled TrialEffects of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation at different frequencies on perioperative anesthetic dosage, recovery, complications, and prognosis in video-assisted thoracic surgical lobectomy: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.
Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS), a non-invasive and non-pharmacological adjunctive intervention for perioperative analgesia, may also reduce the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications. The effect of TEAS on video-assisted thoracic surgical (VATS) patients is still unknown, however. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of TEAS of different frequency on perioperative anesthetic dosage, recovery, complications, and prognosis for patients undergoing VATS lobectomy. ⋯ TEAS is a safe noninvasive adjunctive intervention for anesthesia management among patients undergoing VATS lobectomy. TEAS at 2/100 Hz can reduce intraoperative opioid dosage and slow the decrease of PaO2 during one-lung ventilation. It can also effectively reduce pain score, extubation time, and PACU stay immediately after surgery. Further, 100 Hz TEAS can reduce PONV morbidity.
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Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther · Jan 2017
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparison of dexmedetomidine and fentanyl to prevent haemodynamic response to skull pin application in neurosurgery: double blind randomized controlled trial.
Skull pin application during craniotomy is a highly noxious stimulus. Therefore, the attenuated effect between dexmedetomidine and fentanyl was investigated. ⋯ The attenuated effect of dexmedetomidine infusion is significantly greater than fentanyl infusion.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Venlafaxine and oxycodone effects on human spinal and supraspinal pain processing: a randomized cross-over trial.
Severe pain is often treated with opioids. Antidepressants that inhibit serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake (SNRI) have also shown a pain relieving effect, but for both SNRI and opioids, the specific mode of action in humans remains vague. This study investigated how oxycodone and venlafaxine affect spinal and supraspinal pain processing. ⋯ Venlafaxine exerts its effects on the modulation of spinal nociceptive transmission, which may reflect changes in balance between descending inhibition and descending facilitation. Oxycodone, on the other hand, exerts its effects at the cortical level. This study sheds light on how opioids and SNRI drugs modify the human central nervous system and where their effects dominate.
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Emerg Med Australas · Dec 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialA randomised controlled trial of paracetamol and ibuprofen with or without codeine or oxycodone as initial analgesia for adults with moderate pain from limb injury.
Compare pain relief from non-opioid, codeine and oxycodone analgesic regimens in adults with moderate pain from limb injury. ⋯ At 30 min, analgesic effects of non-opioid, codeine and oxycodone groups were non-inferior.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Influence of high-dose intraoperative remifentanil with intravenous ibuprofen on postoperative morphine consumption in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy: a randomized trial.
High-dose remifentanil during surgery paradoxically increases postoperative pain intensity and morphine consumption. Cyclooxygenase inhibitors decrease prostaglandin synthesis, thereby antagonizing N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor activation, and may reduce hyperalgesia. This study was performed to evaluate whether postoperative morphine consumption increased following intraoperative continuous remifentanil infusion and whether this could be prevented by intravenous ibuprofen pretreatment. ⋯ We found no influence on postoperative pain after high-dose remifentanil in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. Addition of intravenous ibuprofen did not reduce postoperative morphine consumption or pain intensity.