Articles: cations.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Dec 2024
Preoperative Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity Influence on the Impact of Anesthesia and Surgery on Mice Brain.
Brain homeostasis imbalance, characterized by cognitive dysfunction and delirium, frequently occurs in the elderly after surgery. Investigating why this complication only affects part of patients undergoing the same surgery, and anesthesia remains intriguing. This study tested the role of preoperative blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity in the occurrence of postoperative brain homeostasis imbalance using mice with conditional BBB damage. ⋯ Preoperative BBB integrity influences the impact of anesthesia and surgery on the brain, with astrocytes modulating this effect. These findings partly explain the heterogeneity in the occurrence of postoperative brain homeostasis imbalance.
-
To describe the evolution of management strategies for neuroendocrine liver metastases (NE LM) and trends in patient outcomes over the preceding 3 decades. ⋯ Improved imaging modalities and modifications in specific therapies as components of multimodal treatment concepts are concordant with significantly improved survival outcomes in NELM over 30 years. The use of multimodal therapy improved overall survival in patients with NE LM. Future studies should determine optimal treatment selection and sequencing, and role of novel biomarkers to guide these.
-
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Dec 2024
Paternal exposure to antiseizure medications and offspring outcomes: a systematic review.
Concerns have recently been raised about risks to the fetus resulting from paternal exposure to antiseizure medications (ASMs). To address these concerns, we conducted a systematic review of the literature to assess neurodevelopmental and anatomical outcomes in offspring born to fathers taking ASMs at the time of conception. ⋯ Although there were limited data available, this systematic review provides reassuring evidence that paternal exposure to ASMs at conception is unlikely to pose any major risk of adverse outcomes for the offspring. Further research is needed to examine the relationship between preconception ASM use in males and offspring outcomes at birth and postnatally.