Articles: cations.
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Apr 2023
Editorial CommentCommentary: To classify means to choose a threshold.
Classification requires a threshold; however, methods like C-statistic and AUC obfuscate this. Luckily, there is a sensible strategy for imbalanced data thresholding.
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We sought to understand the effect of sex on compensation among colorectal surgeons and to determine which factors contribute to gender-based differences in compensation. ⋯ We found a 12% adjusted sex wage gap among colorectal surgeons. Gender-based differences in leadership positions and allocation of effort may contribute. Further research will be necessary to clarify sources of wage inequalities. Still, our results should prompt expedient actions to support closing the gap.
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To assess whether different methods for communicating the probability of treatment complications for operative and nonoperative appendicitis treatments result in differences in risk perception. ⋯ Verbal probability descriptors are associated with widely varying and inaccurate perceptions about treatment risks. Surgeons should consider alternative ways to communicate probability during informed consent and shared decision-making discussions.
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Minerva anestesiologica · Apr 2023
Electroencephalographic Density Spectral Array monitoring in pediatric anesthesia: clinical background and practical applications.
Depth of hypnosis monitoring using numerical index based processed electroencephalography is part of the standard anesthesia equipment in many operating rooms. Unfortunately, this method has its limitations, especially in pediatric patients. ⋯ Electroencephalographic density spectral array (DSA) monitoring is a real-time technique that can be used in all age groups and with all common anesthetics. We present a practice-oriented introduction to the principle of DSA monitoring in pediatric anesthesia for pediatric anesthesiologists and two algorithms for using this technology in children under sevoflurane and propofol anesthesia.
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Hypertension (HTN) is a common endpoint for numerous cardiovascular diseases, the prevalence of which has been quickly increasing due to a wide range of reasons. Previous research has found that following stress, ELISA and 16S rDNA sequencing indicated substantial changes in plasma cytokines or hormones, as well as alterations in gut microbiota in juvenile hypertensive rats. However, it remains still unclear how such interaction modifications affect microbial populations and organismal function. ⋯ Significant improvements in bacteria linked with short-chain fatty acid synthesis, such as Prevotella and Ruminococcus, were discovered by metagenomic analysis. Adult hypertensive rats are more susceptible to gut microbiota disruption and fibrosis as a result of mild restraint stress. This might contribute to some innovative ideas for HTN both treatment and prevention.